Chapter 8

Question 0

Scientists who study the weather

Answer 0

Meteorologists

Question 1

This is the basic cause of all weather

Answer 1

The sun

Question 2

The imaginary line running through the earth from North Pole to South Pole

Answer 2

The axis

Question 3

The air we live in receives most of its warmth from this

Answer 3

The ground radiating heat back up

Question 4

Different seasons are caused by this

Answer 4

The tilt of the earth’s axis

Question 5

Winds are produced by this

Answer 5

Temperature differences

Question 6

What is lighter than cool air

Answer 6

Warm air

Question 7

The Earth’s surface spins this fast

Answer 7

1,000 miles per hour

Question 8

The areas that have the most changeable weather are areas with these kinds of winds

Answer 8

Prevailing westerlies

Question 9

List the wind systems of the earth

Answer 9

Polar easterlies
Prevailing westerlies
Trade winds (northeast and southeast)

Question 10

The amount of water vapor that the air can hold at a given temperature

Answer 10

Relative humidity

Question 11

The lowest possible temperature at which air is able to hold all of its water vapor

Answer 11

Dew point

Question 12

The process in which water vapor leaves the air and changes into a liquid water

Answer 12

Condensation

Question 13

Air is saturated when the humidity of the air is what percent?

Answer 13

100%

Question 14

Water vapor that condenses to form liquid water on the ground

Answer 14

Dew

Question 15

Water vapor that condenses and forms frozen water on the ground

Answer 15

Frost

Question 16

An ice crystal in a cloud becomes too heavy, falls, melts, and lands on the earth as liquid water

Answer 16

Rain

Question 17

Falling ice crystals melt slightly, stick, and freeze together into snowflakes

Answer 17

Wet snow

Question 18

Falling ice crystals melt into raindrops, then refreeze and land on earth as tiny pieces of ice

Answer 18

Sleet

Question 19

Falling ice crystals melt, hit the earth as liquid rain, but refreeze as soon as they land

Answer 19

Freezing rain

Question 20

A small piece of ice is tossed up and down inside a cloud, forming several layers of ice, until it is too heavy and falls to earth

Answer 20

Hail

Question 21

Puffy, bulgy clouds belong to this family

Answer 21

Cumulus

Question 22

Layers of flat clouds belong to this family

Answer 22

Stratus

Question 23

Wispy, curly clouds very high in the atmosphere belong to this family

Answer 23

Cirrus

Question 24

Sheets of clouds that often produce rain

Answer 24

Stratus

Question 25

A "thunderhead" is another name for this kind of cloud

Answer 25

Cumulonimbus

Question 26

This term means "clouds that produce rain"

Answer 26

Nimbus

Question 27

The broad, flat top of a cumulonimbus cloud

Answer 27

Anvil top

Question 28

This is produced when opposite electrical charges build up in very tall clouds

Answer 28

Lightning

Question 29

Thunder is caused by this

Answer 29

The rapid expansion of superheated air causing shockwaves

Question 30

This type of storm packs the most destructive power into the smallest space

Answer 30

Tornado

Question 31

The calm region of very low air pressure in the center of a tornado

Answer 31

The eye of the storm

Question 32

If a tornado has been spotted meteorologists issue this

Answer 32

A tornado warning

Question 33

If conditions are right for a tornado to form, this is issued

Answer 33

Tornado watch

Question 34

Lightning that does not come in contact with the ground but remains within the cloud is known as this

Answer 34

Sheet lightning

Question 35

This is a row of thunderheads that builds up in front of advancing cold air

Answer 35

A squall line

Question 36

The boundary between two air masses

Answer 36

A front

Question 37

These are precautions to take during a thunderstorm

Answer 37

1Stay indoors 2Stay inside a car if you are out 3Avoid being the tallest object or standing next to tall objects if you are outside 4 stay away from high ground or open flat areas 5 avoid being in or near water, including the shower 6 do not use the telephone or electrical appliances 7Unplug electrical appliances

Question 38

What makes humidity higher in some places rather than others

Answer 38

Warmer air holds more water vapor than cold air.

Question 39

In order for condensation to take place wired molecules must have this

Answer 39

A solid surface to gather on

Question 40

Most water vapor remains here

Answer 40

In the bottom of the troposphere near the Earth's surface

Question 41

These are the three ingredients in the cloud recipe

Answer 41

Water, rising air, dust

Question 42

Three things that can cause air to rise are....

Answer 42

Solar heating, mountains, fronts

Question 43

Describe what an air mass is

Answer 43

Is single large unit of air with uniform temperature and humidity characteristics

Question 44

The temperature at which cooling air becomes saturated and begins to release some of its water vapor through condensation

Answer 44

Dew point

Question 45

The process by which cooling water leaves the air and changes into tiny droplets of liquid water

Answer 45

Condensation

Question 46

Droplets of water that form on cool surfaces when water vapor from the air condenses

Answer 46

Dew

Question 47

Tiny crystals of ice formed when water vapor freezes onto a cold object

Answer 47

Frost

Question 48

Air flows in this pattern

Answer 48

From high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas

Question 49

Name four types of clouds

Answer 49

Heap cloud, layer cloud, wisp cloud, combination cloud

Question 50

Name the layer clouds

Answer 50

Stratus, nimbostratus, altostratus

Question 51

Name the heap clouds

Answer 51

Cumulus, cumulonimbus, altocumulus

Question 52

Name the wisp cloud

Answer 52

Cirrus

Question 53

Name the combination clouds

Answer 53

Cirrostratus, stratocumulus, cirrocumulus

Question 54

Hailstones form in clouds with strong what?

Answer 54

Updrafts

Question 55

This at the top of the tropopause stops clouds from growing upward any farther

Answer 55

The temperature inversion