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Hobet V > Science 6 > Flashcards

Science 6 Flashcards

0
Q

What are some phenotype examples in organisms like humans?

A

Brown hair or blue eyes

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1
Q

Define a phenotype.

A

Phenotypes are the physical expressions of genetic traits.

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2
Q

Define a genotype.

A

A genotype is an organism’s underlying genetic makeup or code.

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3
Q

What is a blueprint for building and maintaining all structures within the cells of the body?

A

A genotype

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4
Q

What is found within the genes that codes for proteins that determine hereditary traits?

A

DNA

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5
Q

What can affect the phenotypes of organisms?

A

Interactions between the genotype and the environment

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6
Q

__________ are the entire set of genes in organisms, while ______ are the characteristics and traits that are expressed by those genes.

A

Genotypes, phenotypes

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7
Q

Different coat colors between cat breeds are examples of genotypes or phenotypes?

A

Phenotypes

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8
Q

What science is the study of heredity or how traits are passed on from parent to offspring?

A

Genetics

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9
Q

Can an organism carry a gene without showing the physical characteristics of that gene in it phenotype?

A

Yes

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10
Q

What does a gene on a piece of DNA on a chromosome control?

A

A particular genetic trait

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11
Q

Are there multiple forms of a gene?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What are the alternative forms of genes called?

A

Alleles

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13
Q

Alleles are represented using what?

A

Letters

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14
Q

What are dominant alleles represented by and what are recessive alleles represented by?

A

Dominant alleles are represented by capital letters and recessive alleles are represented by lowercase letters.

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15
Q

What does the genotype of an organism consists of that is inherited from both parents?

A

Alleles

16
Q

The appearance of an organism resulting from its genotype is the ___________.

A

Phenotype

17
Q

When both parents give the offspring the same allele, what is the offspring for that particular trait called?

A

Homozygous

18
Q

If each parent gives the offspring a different allele for a particular trait the offspring is _________ for that trait?

A

Heterozygous for that trait

19
Q

What tool is used to predict what characteristics will occur in offspring?

A

A punnets square

20
Q

What is it called when the dominant and recessive genotypes interact to produce an intermediate phenotype?

A

Incomplete dominance

21
Q

What is incomplete dominance?

A

A mix of the two traits

22
Q

In sickle cell anemia homozygous recessive individuals have the disease while homozygous dominant individuals are normal. True or false? This is an example of incomplete dominance.

A

True

Hobet V (14 decks)

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