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Hobet V > MISSED QUESTIONS > Flashcards

MISSED QUESTIONS Flashcards

0
Q

What makes up the skeletal system?

A

Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints

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1
Q

Name the three purposes of the integumentary system.

A

Protect internal tissues from injury, waterproof the body, help regulate body temperature

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2
Q

What does the ventral body cavity contain?

A

All structures within the chest and abdomen

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3
Q

List eight ways organ systems interact.

A

Maintain boundaries, respond to environmental changes, moving, ingesting and digesting, reproducing, growing, excreting, metabolizing

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4
Q

What regulates the body’s metabolism?

A

Hormones released by glands in the endocrine system

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5
Q

Once blood leaves the lungs and is oxygenated where does it travel?

A

It travels back to the heart by the pulmonary veins, into the left atrium, through the mitral valve, into the left ventricle, through the aortic valve, then into the aorta, then throughout the body

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6
Q

What makes up the peripheral nervous system?

A

Cranial and spinal nerves that extend beyond the central nervous system

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7
Q

What part of the nervous system controls voluntary actions like walking and talking?

A

The sensory – somatic system

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8
Q

What is a neuron?

A

Specialized cells that make up the nervous system that transmits messages.

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9
Q

What are the three main functions of the nervous system?

A

Provide sensory, motor and integrative functions within the body.

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10
Q

What can you do because of the sensory function of the nervous system?

A

Feel pain, heat and other stimuli

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11
Q

What purpose is the motor function of the nervous system?

A

The motor function of the nervous system serves to carry electrical impulses from the central nervous system to the effectors which are most commonly the glands and muscles

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12
Q

What two hormones are released by the duodenum?

A

Secretin and cholecystokinin

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13
Q

What travels to the pancreas to trigger the release of bicarbonate and pancreatic enzymes?

A

Secretin

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14
Q

What is the purpose of cholycystokinin?

A

Trigger gall bladder to release bile and reduce motility and acid production in the stomach.

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15
Q

Where does absorption of nutrients occur and through what vehicle?

A

In the small intestine through villi.

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16
Q

What is the second line of non-specific/inate defenses?

A

Fever, inflammation, phagocytosis, natural killer cells, interferons, chemotaxis, and release of cytokines

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17
Q

What is inflammation?

A

A response to irritating chemicals, heat, trauma, or infection by pathogens

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18
Q

What is diapedesis?

A

The process of white blood cells squeezing through capillary slits. in response to cytokines

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19
Q

What system regulates the release of calcium?

A

The endocrine system.

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20
Q

Anatomy is the study of what?

A

Structure

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21
Q

Physiology is the study of what?

A

Function

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22
Q

Name organization of human body from least to most.

A

Adams, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

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23
Q

How many organ systems are there in the body?

A

11

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24
Q

Name four basic tissue types.

A

Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

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25
Q

What are two functions of epithelial tissue?

A

Covering and producing secretions

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26
Q

Describe epithelial tissue.

A

It exist in sheets; doesn’t have own blood supply

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27
Q

How does epithelium tissue receive food and oxygen?

A

By diffusion from nearby capillaries.

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28
Q

What is the criteria for classifying epithelial tissue?

A

Number of cell layers and the cell shape

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29
Q

How many layers of cells does simple epithelium tissue have?

A

One

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30
Q

Where is simple epithelium tissue found in the body generally?

A

In body structures where absorption, secretion and filtration occur.

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31
Q

What is the purpose of stratified epithelium?

A

Protection

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32
Q

Name three shapes of epithelial cells.

A

Squamous, columnar, cuboidal

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33
Q

What is connective tissue’s purpose?

A

To connect different structures of the body

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34
Q

Does connective tissue commonly have its own blood supply?

A

Yes

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35
Q

List the 11 organ systems.

A

Circulatory, digestive, endocrine, integumentary, lymphatic, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, urinary

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36
Q

What type of connective tissue is the exception to having its own blood supply?

A

Ligaments

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37
Q

Name four examples of connective tissue.

A

Bones, cartilage, adipose, blood vessels

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38
Q

What is the purpose of muscle tissue?

A

To produce movement

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39
Q

Name the three types of muscle tissue.

A

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

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40
Q

What does skeletal muscle tissue support, voluntary or involuntary movement?

A

Voluntary movement

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41
Q

Are voluntary movements consciously or unconsciously controlled?

A

Consciously

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42
Q

What kind of control is smooth muscle under?

A

Involuntary control

43
Q

Where is smooth muscle tissue found? List for examples where smooth muscle tissue is found.

A

In the walls of hollow organs such as bladder, uterus, intestines and blood vessels.

44
Q

Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

45
Q

What is the purpose of nervous tissue?

A

To provide structure for the brain, spinal cord and nerves.

46
Q

What type of specialized cells are nerves made up of?

A

Neurons

47
Q

What is the function of neurons?

A

To send electrical impulses throughout the body.

48
Q

What is the support cell that helps protect the nervous tissue?

A

The myelin sheath.

49
Q

What is another name for the circulatory system?

A

The cardiovascular system

50
Q

What does the circulatory system consist of?

A

Heart, blood vessels, blood

51
Q

What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

A

It supports the circulation and distribution of various substances throughout the body.

52
Q

What are three of the substances that is distributed through the circulatory system?

A

Oxygen, hormones, and nutrients from food

53
Q

What organ system is hormones released from?

A

The endocrine system

54
Q

What is influenced by released hormones from the endocrine system?

A

Blood pressure

55
Q

What does the urinary system help to regulate?

A

Blood pressure and blood volume

56
Q

How does the urinary system regulate blood volume and pressure?

A

By adjusting urine volume

57
Q

What system controls the blood pressure, heart rate, and distribution of blood to various parts of the body?

A

The nervous system

58
Q

What hormone in women helps to preserve vascular health?

A

Estrogen

59
Q

How does the integumentary system help eradicate heat from the body?

A

By dilating superficial blood vessels

60
Q

Where are blood cells formed?

A

In the marrow of bones in the skeletal system

61
Q

What does the digestive system consist of?

A

All organs from the mouth to the anus involved in ingestion and breakdown of food

62
Q

Identify the organs of the digestive system.

A

Esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, and anus

63
Q

What does the digestive system manufacture to break down food?

A

Enzymes

64
Q

What happens to food that is not digested?

A

It is expelled through the anus.

65
Q

Where does the absorption of food occur?

A

In the small intestine.

66
Q

What structures make up the small intestine?

A

Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

67
Q

What happens to what remains of food when it leaves the ileum?

A

The colon removes water from the waste that remains

68
Q

What are two other organs included in the digestive system?

A

Pancreas and liver

69
Q

What does the liver produce?

A

Bile

70
Q

What is the purpose of bile?

A

To break down fats

71
Q

What does the pancreas do to aid in digestion?

A

Delivers enzymes to the small intestines to help aid in digestion

72
Q

How does increased skeletal muscular activity aid the digestive system?

A

Increases the motility of the gastrointestinal tract

73
Q

What does the endocrine system control?

A

Body functions

74
Q

What do glands in the endocrine system do?

A

Secrete hormones that travel through the blood to the organs

75
Q

Name the glands that regulate growth and metabolism.

A

Adrenal, hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thymus, thalamus, and thyroid

76
Q

What other organs have endocrine functions?

A

Testes, ovaries, pancreas

77
Q

What system provides a means of transportation for some hormones other than the circulatory system?

A

The lymphatic system

78
Q

What system controls the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland?

A

The nervous system

79
Q

What system provides protection for some endocrine glands?

A

Muscular system

80
Q

What structures make up the integumentary system?

A

Skin, hair, nails, and mucous membranes

81
Q

List the three purposes of the integumentary system.

A

Waterproof the body, help regulate the body temperature, and protect internal tissues from injury

82
Q

What system serves as a barrier to pathogens?

A

Integumentary system

83
Q

What systems provide oxygen and nutrients to the skin?

A

The respiratory and digestive systems

84
Q

What system picks up excess fluid from the skin to avoid swelling?

A

The lymphatic system

85
Q

What system provides shape and support?

A

The skeletal system

86
Q

What regulates hair growth and hydration?

A

Hormones released from glands in the endocrine system

87
Q

Does the skin protects internal organs?

A

Yes

88
Q

When the muscular system generates heat, how is it expelled?

A

Through the skin as sweat

89
Q

What system activates vitamin D?

A

The urinary system

90
Q

Name three functions of the nervous system.

A

Regulate production of sweat, interprets stimuli, and adjust the diameter of blood vessels in the skin

91
Q

What does the lymphatic system consist of?

A

Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, spleen, thymus, and tonsils

92
Q

What does the lymph vessels carry?

A

Lymph

93
Q

Describe lymph.

A

A clear fluid rich in anti-bodies

94
Q

Describe lymph.

A

A clear fluid rich in anti-bodies.

95
Q

What structure is made of lymphoid tissue?

A

Tonsils

96
Q

How does the lymphatic system support the immune system?

A

By housing and transporting white blood cells to and from the lymph nodes.

97
Q

How does the lymphatic system aid the cardiovascular system?

A

It returns fluids that have leaked from the cardiovascular system back into the blood vessels.

98
Q

How does the urinary system help with proper lymphatic functioning?

A

By helping to maintain proper water/acid-base/electrolyte balances of the blood

99
Q

Does the brain help to control the immune response?

A

Yes

100
Q

In the reproductive and integumentary system’s, what helps prevent bacterial growth?

A

Acidic secretions

101
Q

What does the nervous system consists of?

A

Brain, spinal cord and nerves

102
Q

What system serves as the bodies control system?

A

The nervous system

103
Q

What detects stimuli inside and outside the body?

A

Sensory receptors

104
Q

Why does the conduction of nerve impulses along nerves have to be extremely fast?

A

To make possible immediate reflexive responses to protect the body from the threats

105
Q

What does the nervous system activate when a threat is detected?

A

The appropriate muscles or glands to respond

Hobet V (14 decks)

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