Science 2.2.1

Question 1

A drug that can kill or slow the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria.

Answer 1

antibiotic

Question 2

A drug that slows the spread of a virus within a person’s body.

Answer 2

antiviral drug

Question 3

Unicellular organisms that consist of prokaryotic cells and belong to the kingdom Bacteria. (Singular: bacterium)

Answer 3

bacteria

Question 4

The force exerted by blood as it moves through blood vessels.

Answer 4

blood pressure

Question 5

A disease caused by the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells.

Answer 5

cancer

Question 6

A disease affecting the heart or blood vessels.

Answer 6

cardiovascular disease

Question 7

A disease in which the body has trouble regulating its blood sugar level.

Answer 7

diabetes

Question 8

Any abnormal or harmful breakdown in the body parts or functions of an organism.

Answer 8

disease

Question 9

An occurrence of a disease in a community at an above-average rate.

Answer 9

epidemic

Question 10

Mostly multicellular organisms that consist of eukaryotic cells and belong to the kingdom Fungi. (Singular: fungus)

Answer 10

fungi

Question 11

The scientific theory that some diseases are caused by pathogens.

Answer 11

germ theory

Question 12

A disease that can be spread from one individual to another.

Answer 12

infectious disease

Question 13

An organism too small to be seen with the naked eye.

Answer 13

microorganism

Question 14

A disease that cannot be spread from one individual to another.

Answer 14

noninfectious disease

Question 15

A component in food that a living thing needs to survive and grow.

Answer 15

nutrient

Question 16

An outbreak of a disease across a large geographic area.

Answer 16

pandemic

Question 17

An organism that lives in or on another organism to obtain nutrients.

Answer 17

parasite

Question 18

A living or nonliving thing that can infect an organism and cause disease. They include bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses.

Answer 18

pathogen

Question 19

A poisonous substance.

Answer 19

toxin

Question 20

A substance that is given to a person, usually by injection, to protect against an infectious disease.

Answer 20

vaccine

Question 21

An infectious agent that can reproduce only by using living cells.

Answer 21

virus

Question 22

Organic compounds that are found in fruits and vegetables. Needed for growth and development of healthy tissues such as skin, teeth, gums, and bones.

Answer 22

Vitamins

Question 23

Inorganic compounds including iron and potassium. Needed for growth and development, as well as carrying oxygen and maintaining the body’s water balance.

Answer 23

Minerals

Question 24

The most important nutrient, makingup between 50% and 65% of your body. Helps regulate your body temperature and makes up most of your blood and your cells’cytoplasm.

Answer 24

Water

Question 25

A type of lipid found in nuts, seeds,fish, and vegetable oils. Used by the body to store energy and carry out important processes, including blood clotting and brain development.

Answer 25

Fats

Question 26

Organic molecules that are made up of subunits called simple sugars. Store simple sugars that can be used by cells for energy.

Answer 26

Carbohydrates

Question 27

Organic molecules made up of chains of subunits called amino acids. Regulate the activities of cells and are the major structural material of cells.

Answer 27

Proteins