Science 2.1.1

Question 1

A protein molecule produced by a type of white blood cell called a Bcell. They can recognize specific pathogens and destroy them.

Answer 1

antibody

Question 2

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

Answer 2

artery

Question 3

An excretory organ that stores urine before it is released from the body.

Answer 3

bladder

Question 4

A liquid tissue made up of a mixture of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.

Answer 4

blood

Question 5

A hard organ that is made up mostly of protein, calcium, and phosphate. It is used for support, movement, and production of bloodcells.

Answer 5

bone

Question 6

An organ made up of nervous tissue that coordinates the functions of the nervous system.

Answer 6

brain

Question 7

The movement of blood through the body’s blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart.

Answer 7

circulation

Question 8

The organ system that transports materials to and from cells. It is made up of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.

Answer 8

circulatory system

Question 9

The breakdown of food into simpler substances by physical and chemical processes.

Answer 9

digestion

Question 10

The organ system that takes in food and breaks it down into simpler substances, such as molecules of nutrients. It includes the mouth,stomach, liver, and intestines.

Answer 10

digestive system

Question 11

Any abnormal or harmful breakdown in the body parts or functions of an organism.

Answer 11

disease

Question 12

The organ system that uses chemicals called hormones to control the functions of the body. It is made up of many glands and tissues thatproduce hormones.

Answer 12

endocrine system

Question 13

The process of removing the waste products made by cells.

Answer 13

excretion

Question 14

The organ system that disposes of waste products made by cells byproducing urine. It is made up of the kidneys and bladder.

Answer 14

excretory system

Question 15

An organ that releases chemical substances for use by the body.

Answer 15

gland

Question 16

A type of chemical that is made and released by cells to help control specific processes in living organisms.

Answer 16

hormone

Question 17

The organ system that defends against foreign or harmful organisms and material. It includes the lymph glands and vessels, the spleen, and white blood cells.

Answer 17

immune system

Question 18

The organ system that protects the body from various kinds ofdamage, such as loss of water and invasion by pathogens. It is madeup of skin, hair, and nails.

Answer 18

integumentary system

Question 19

A bean-shaped organ in the excretory system that removes wastes made by cells and excess water from blood.

Answer 19

kidney

Question 20

An organ made up of tiny sacs called alveoli, in which gases are exchanged between air and the bloodstream.

Answer 20

lung

Question 21

A contracting organ responsible for producing movement in the body.

Answer 21

muscle

Question 22

The organ system that causes the body and its parts to move. It ismade up of muscles.

Answer 22

muscular system

Question 23

The organ system that monitors and controls the body. It is made upof the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Answer 23

nervous system

Question 24

A living or nonliving thing that can infect an organism and causedisease. Pathogens include bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses.

Answer 24

pathogen

Question 25

The process of breathing in and out to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the external environment.

Answer 25

respiration

Question 26

The organ system that exchanges gases with the atmosphere. It is made up of the lungs and their passageways.

Answer 26

respiratory system

Question 27

The organ system that provides support and structure to the body and allows for movement. It is made up of bones and the tissues thatconnect them.

Answer 27

skeletal system

Question 28

The fluid produced by the kidneys.

Answer 28

urine

Question 29

A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart.

Answer 29

vein

Question 30

One of the colorless cells in the blood that help protect the body from infection.

Answer 30

white blood cell