science 2

Question 1

what is evolution?

Answer 1

physical change of an organism over time is evolution

Question 2

the sequence of of the vertebrate evolution?

Answer 2

chordate- pre-backbone,flexible rod,nerve cord,notochord,this evolved to fish

fish-back bones, evolved to amphibians ,2 chambered hearts

amphibian-have 2 chambered hearts when young but when a adult 3 chambered heart,evolved to reptiles

reptile-3 chambered hearts except alligators evolved to mammals also dinosaurs also evolved to birds.

mammals-4 chambered hearts

birds and bird flight-4 chambered hearts

Question 3

why did animals hearts during evolution go to 2 3 and 4 chambered hearts?

Answer 3

this because of reparation

you take oxygen and food to make energy

this was for survival

Question 4

What was the egg evolution?

Answer 4

fish-jelly eggs

amphibian-jelly

reptile-leathery

mammals-monotreans hard shell eggs
placentals-develops inside inside mother

birds -hard shell egg

Question 5

what is behavior?

Answer 5

a thing that a organism is used to doing.

Question 6

what are Stimulus?

Answer 6

a signal that causes an organism to react in some way.

Question 7

what is a Response?

Answer 7

Response an organism’s reaction to a stimulus. (All animal behaviors are caused
by stimuli)

Question 8

what is Instinct?

Answer 8

behavior without being taught (not learned); a response that is inborn (coded in the genes) and performed correctly the first
time.

Question 9

what is Learned Behavior?

Answer 9

change in behavior
based on practice or experience.

Question 10

what does Imprinting mean?

Answer 10

newborn recognizes and
follows the first moving object they see

Question 11

what are Conditioning?

Answer 11

a specific stimulus or
response leads to a good or a bad outcome
(e.g., Pavlov’s dog, salivate at the sound of
a bell).

Question 12

what is Trial-and-Error Learning?

Answer 12

repeat practice that results in a reward and avoids
behaviors that result in a punishment.

Question 13

what is Insight Learning?

Answer 13

using what you know
to solve a problem.

Question 14

what is Communication?

Answer 14

animals use sounds,
scents, body movements to communicate.

Question 15

what are Pheromone?

Answer 15

a chemical released by one
animal that affects the behavior of another
animal of the same species (e.g., ant
pheromone trail).

Question 16

what is Aggression?

Answer 16

a threatening behavior that
one animal uses to gain control over another
animal. Aggression is due to competition
over limited resources (food, water, space,
shelter, and mates).

Question 17

courtship behavior

Answer 17

Courtship Behavior: behavior to prepare for
mating.

Question 18

Group Behavior

Answer 18

beneficial for safety in
numbers and sharing (cooperation) in work,
food, water, shelter.

Question 19

Circadian Rhythms

Answer 19

behavior cycles that
occur over a day (e.g., awake/work daylight,
sleep night time).

Question 20

Hibernation

Answer 20

: sleep/reduced activity during
winter in which the need for food has stopped.

Question 21

Migration:

Answer 21

routine, seasonal journey of an
animal from one place to another and back
again.