Science Flashcards
Pangaea
What is the order from the middle to the outside layer of Composition Layers?
- Core
- Mantle
- Crust
What is the order from the middle to the outside layer of Physical Layers?
Inner core, Outer core, Mesosphere, Asthenosphere, Lithosphere.
What is the name for the supercontinent?
Pangaea.
Who proposed the idea of Pangaea and Continental drift?
Alfred Wegener.
What does Pangaea mean?
All earth; All land
Which 2 continents are used as evidence for the continental puzzle?
South America and Africa.
How long ago did Pangaea start separating?
About 200 million years ago.
How can scientists tell that the plates are still moving?
Special tools, GPS.
What are the three types of plate boundaries?
Divergent, Convergent, and Transform.
What do moving plates form?
Plate tectonics form the oceans, continents, and mountains.
What are the 5 pieces of evidence for continental drift?
Distribution of Glossopteris, distribution of mesosaurus, mountain formations, mountain rocks found on different continents, and how similar continents fit.
What is the theory of continental drift?
That all continents were once formed together and created a supercontinent called Pangea over millions of years they had drifted apart creating seven continents.
Why was this hypothesis rejected at first?
Alfred Wegener didn’t know what force caused Continental Drift.
List the plate boundaries and describe how the plates move at each.
Divergent - plates move away from each other
Convergent - plates move towards each other
Transform - plates move past each other
Are the plates still moving today?
Yes.
What are the 5 physical layers in Earth?
Inner core, Outer core, Mesosphere, Asthenosphere, Lithosphere.
What are the 3 composition layers in Earth?
Core, Mantle, Crust.
What does Divergent mean?
To move away from.
What does Convergent mean?
To move towards.
What does Transform mean?
To move past horizontally.
What does the Divergent moving process cause?
Sea-floor spreading, Mid-Ocean ridge Rift valleys, Earthquakes, and volcanic activity.
What does the Convergent moving process cause?
Deep sea trenches, Volcanos, and Mountains.
What does the Convergent moving process cause?
Earthquake activity.
What is Subduction? Where do they occur?
It’s when a denser crust sinks beneath a less dense crust, and back into the Mantle. This occurs at convergent plate boundaries.
