Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Flashcards
What is Schizophrenia???
Distorted and Bizarre thoughts, perceptions, emotions, movements, and behaviors.
Grossly Disorganized Thinking
What Assessments would you do for someone with Schizophrenia???
- Judgement and insight usually are impaired
- Self-concept
- Roles, relationships – SOCIAL ISOLATION!!!!!!!
- Embarrassment
- Hallucination
- Thought disorders
- Social skills –> they feel akward
- Paranoia –> feat of social contact - Physiologic, self care:
- Inattention to hygiene & grooming
- Failure to recognize sensations!! EX: POLYDIPSIA (EXCESSIVE THIRST!!!) - Client’s SUPPORT SYSTEM and patient’s perception of the situation!!!!
What are the 5 reasons why someone with Schizophrenia would Social Isolate???
- Embarrassment
- Hallucination
- Thought disorders
- Social skills –> they feel awkward
- Paranoia –> feat of social contact
Someone with Schizophrenia tend to fail to recognize sensation. What is an example of this????
Polydipsia!!! (Excessive thirst!!)
What is Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia??? What are the symptoms??
Manifestations of things that are generally NOT present (Gaining smith whether it’s good or bad)!!!
1. Hallucinations
2. Delusions
3. Alterations in Speech
4. Bizarre behavior (Ex: Walking backward Constantly!!)
What is Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia??? What are the symptoms??
Absence of things that are usually (Normally) present in normal people. It is more challenging to treat these than positive symptoms.
1. AFFECT –> Blunted (narrow range of expression) OR Flat (facial expression never changes).
2. ALOGIA –> Poverty of thoughts or speech. They might answer inappropriately. The client may sit with a visitor, but only mumble or respond vaguely to questions.
3. ANERGIA –> Lack of energy
4. APATHY–> Lack of emotions. Hate society where they just isolate.
5. ANHEDONIA –> Lack of pleasure or joy! They are indifferent to things that often make others happy, such as looking at beautiful scenery.
6. AVOLITION* –> Lack of of motivation in activities or hygiene. Pt completes an assigned task, such as making their bed, but is unable to start the next common chore without prompting/encouragement!
What are the Cognitive Findings of someone with Schizophrenia????
- Disorganized thinking
- Inability to make decisions
- Poor problem-solving ability
- Difficulty concentrating to perform tasks
- Short-term memory deficits
- Impaired abstracts thinking!
What are the Affective Findings of someone with Schizophrenia????
Manifestations involving emotions:
1. Hopelessness
2. Suicidal ideations
3. Unstable or Rapid changing Mood!!
WHO IS SCHIZOPHRENIA COMMONLY DIAGNOSED TO?????
Peak incidence? Estimated prevalence? Onset? Diagnosis usually with positive or negative?
- Usually diagnosed in LATE Adolescence or EARLY Adulthood!
- The peak incidence is 15-25 years of age!!
- Prevalence is estimated at 1% of total population
- Onset is usually abrupt & insidious; mostly slow, gradual development of Signs of Symptoms
- Diagnosis is usually with more POSITIVE symptoms
What are the Related Disorders of Schizophrenia????
- Schizoaffective Disorder: The client’s disorder meets the criteria for schizophrenia and depressive disorder or bipolar disorder.
- Schizophreniform Disorder: The client’s manifestations are like schizophrenia, BUT the duration is 1 to 6 months and social/occupational dysfunction might be absent!!
- Catatonia: Decrease or Increase in movement. Muscular rigidity, or catalepsy, may be so severe that limbs may remain in whatever position they are placed!!
- ## Delusional Disorder: Delusional thinking for at least one month. Self or Interpersonal function is NOT impaired!
- Brief Psychotic Disorder: The psychotics manifestations that last ONE DAY to ONE MONTH!
- Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder: Due to intoxication or withdrawal. HOWEVER, The manifestations are MORE severe than expected!
- SchizoTYPAL Personality disorder: Impairments of personality (Self and interpersonal) function. However, impairment is not as severe as schizophrenia!
What is Magical Thinking delusion??? An example?
A belief that their actions/thoughts are able to control a situation or affect others!!
EX: Wearing a certain hat makes them invisible to others!!!!
What are the 5 Alterations in Speech of Schizophrenia????
- Loose Association: Disorganized thinking that jumps around from one idea to another but it’s completed.
- Neologism: Words that have meaning to you but not to others!!
- Echolalia: Client repeats the words spoken to them.
- Clang Association: Meaningless rhythms of words. EX: “Oh fox, box, lox”
- Word Salad: completely not connected!!
What are the alterations in Perception of Schizophrenia????
1) Hallucinations: False sensory perception without any stimuli present!!! EX:
1. Auditory: hearing voices or sounds
2. Command –> telling them to do things like killing
3. Visual
4. Olfactory: they smell things
5. Gustatory: they taste things
6. Tactile: they feel things
2) Personal Boundary Difficulties – Disenfranchisement with one’s body, identity, and perceptions. Including:
1. DEPERSONALIZATION: feelings that a client lost their identity. Self is different or unreal
2. DEREALIZATION: feelings that the environment has changed, like the objects in the environment are shrinking!
3. ILLUSIONS: False perception of Real stimuli!!
What are DEPERSONALIZATION and DEREALIZATION???
- Depersonalization: feelings that a client lost their identity. Self is different or unreal
- Derealization: feelings that the environment has changed, like the objects in the environment are shrinking!
What ar the alterations in Behavior???
- Extreme agitation: includes rocking, pacing, and fidgeting
- Waxy Flexibility: Maintaining a specific position for an extended period of time
- Motor retardation: Slow movement!!
- Echophraxia: imitating movements of others!!!
