Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders Flashcards
What % of the population has been diagnosed w/schizophrenia?
1%
What is the age of onset for schizophrenia?
early adulthood 15-30 years old
Men tend to develop schizo earlier than women?
True
What is the average age of schizo onset for men?
men = 18 years old
What is the average age of schizo onset for women?
women = 25
Env factors are the major contributing factors for the onset of disease?
FALSE = genetics
Schizo affective and depressive/bipolar disorder w/psychotic features have to be ruled out in order to meet the schizophrenic criteria?
TRUE
Which sx must be present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period?
hallucinations delusions disorganized speech (incoherence)
What is the time criteria for Delusional D/O?
1 month or longer
What is the time criteria for Brief Psychotic D/o?
1 day to 1 month
What is the time criteria for schizophreniform?
1 month to 6 months
What is the time criteria for schizophrenia?
6 months or longer
What are positive symptoms? Examples?
presence of abnormal experiences of behaviors
hallucinations
delusions
disorganized speech
catatonia
What are negative symptoms?
absence of normal behavior
flattened affect loss of initiative lack of speech lack of movement impaired attention
What are the 5 common symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorders?
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized speech
- grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
- negative symptoms
What are the phases of schizophrenia?
prodromal (peculiar)
active (psychotic)
residual (flat affect)
What is Delusional Disorder?
A. 1 or more delusions for 1 month or longer
B. criteria for schizophrenia never met
C. apart from delusions, functioning is not impaired
D. if manic or depressive episodes are present, they are brief compared to duration of delusional periods
What are subtypes of delusional disorder?
erotomanic (thinks ppl are in love w/them) grandiose (great talent/insight) jealous (spouse unfaithful) persecutory (being conspired against) somatic (bodily sensations) mixed (more than 1 delusional theme) unspecified (theme not determined)
What is Brief Psychotic D/O?
A. 1 or more Sx, one is (1), (2), or (3) for 1 day to 1 month (with return to premorbid functioning)
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorg speech
- grossly disorg / catatonic behavior
What is the difference between Schizophreniform and Schizophrenia?
Time criteria:
Schizophreniform = 1-6 months
Schizophrenia = 6 months or more
What is Schizophreniform?
A. 2 (or more) Sx for a period of 1 month w/ at least one Sx being (1), (2), or (3)
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized speech
- grossly disorganized / catatonic behavior
- Negative Symptoms
B. Sx last 1 month - 6 months
(“provisional” if diagnosed made w/o waiting for recovery)
C. Schizoaffective, depressive and bipolar disorder w/psychotic features have been ruled out
What is Schizophrenia?
A. 2 (or more) Sx for a period of 1 month w/ at least one Sx being (1), (2), or (3)
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized speech
- grossly disorganized / catatonic behavior
- Negative Symptoms
B. impaired functioning in 1 or more areas due to onset of Sx
C. Sx last for 6 months or more w/at least 1 months of Sx and may include periods or prodromal or residual symptoms
D. Schizoaffective, depressive and bipolar disorder w/psychotic features have been ruled out
What are hallucinations?
Hallucinations: bizarre, unreal perceptions of the env.
o Auditory (“kill him”) o Visual (seeing things) o Olfactory (dead pppl) o Tactile (feeling/touch, bugs on skin)
What are delusions?
Delusions: Bizarre, false beliefs
o Delusions of reference (belief that matters concern them)
o Delusions of thought withdrawal or insertion
Schizoaffective Disorder ?
A. presence of mood episode (Manic or Major Depressive Episode) with criteria A of Schizophrenia:
2 (or more) Sx for a period of 1 month w/ at least one Sx being (1), (2), or (3)
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized speech
- grossly disorganized / catatonic behavior
- Negative Symptoms
B. Delusions or hallucinations present for 2 weeks (or more) without major mood episode (ME or MDE)
C. Mood episodes (ME or MDE) present for majority of active and residual phases
- specify:
- bipolar type
- depressive type
What disorder is very difficult to diagnose and involves psychosis + mood problems ?
Schizoaffective disorder
What is the difference between Schizoaffective d/o and Major Depressive Disorder w/Psychotic Features?
Schizoaffective: 2 weeks of psychotic Sx w/no mood Sx
MDD w/psychotic: predominant mood Sx w/psychotic features only present during mood episodes
What is Substance/medication induced psychotic Disorder?
A. presence of delusions or hallucinations
B. Sx due to substance or medicine
What is Psychotic d/o due to another medical condition?
A. presence of delusions or hallucinations
B. Sx due to another medical condition
What are the catatonia specifiers?
- Stupor (no psychomotor activity)
- Cataplexy (passive induction of a posture held against gravity
- Mutism (little or no verbal response)
- Negativism (no response to instruction or stimuli)
- Mannerism (odd caricature of normal actions)
- Sterotypy (repetitive non-goal-directed movements)
- Agitation (not influenced by stimuli)
- Grimacing
- Echolalia (mimicking speech)
- Echopreaxia (mimicking movement)
- Posturing (voluntary assumption/maintenance of inappropriate or bizarre postures)
- Waxy flexibility (maintenance of limbs and body in positions imposed by others)
Treatment for schizo spectrum?
antipsychotic drugs
(can have severe side effects)
(issues w/patient non compliance)
