Bipolar and Related Disorders Flashcards
patients with bipolar depressions stay depressed longer, relapse more frequently, show more severe symptoms, more suicides, delusions and hospitalizations?
True
What percent of the population has bipolar?
4%
What is the age of onset for bipolar?
25 years
Are men or women more likely to be diagnosed bipolar?
men and women equal
What are psychosocial predictors of mania?
pain
goals
sleep deprivation
What is the risk for bipolar among children of bipolar parents?
4x greater
What is the difference between a Manic Episode or a Hypomanic Episode?
manic: 1 week or more
hypomanic: 4 days-1week
What are the 7 criteria for a manic/hypomanic episode?
elevated mood & energy (manic: 1 week/ hypo = 4days)
3 or more:
Grandiosity Sleep decline Talkative Flight of ideas Distractibility Goal-directed activity High risk behaviors
What do you need to quality for Bipolar 1?
manic episode (+depressive episode)
What do you need to quality for Bipolar 2?
Manic + depressive episode?
What are the 9 criteria for a depressive episode?
Major Depressive Episode:
2 week period/ 5 or more + either 1 or 2
Depressed mood Activity loss of interest Weight change Insomnia Psychomotor agitation Fatigue Guilt Thinking decreased Suicidal thoughts
What are bipolar & depressive specifiers?
anxious distress melancholic features atypical post partum mixed features catatonic
What is the duration of a major depressive episode?
2 weeks
What is the duration for cyclothymia? (kids & adults)
2 years (adults) 1 year (kids)
What is cyclothymic disorder?
2 years of hypomanic & depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria
Sx present for 1/2 time & not w/out Sx for more than 2 months
criteria for any episodes never been met (manic, hypomanic & depressive)
What is dysthymic disorder?
depressed mood for 2 years w/ 2 or more Sx P-oor appetite I-nsomnia L-ow self-esteem L-ow energy
never without Sx for more than 2 months
never met criteria for any episodes
What are the similarities between cyclothymic and dysthymic?
2 year period (1 yr = kids)
never without Sx for more than 2 months
never met criteria for any episodes
What % of the pop has depression?
6.7%
What instrument is used to measure severity of depression?
Back Depression Inventory
What is the onset for depression?
32 years old
Highest prevalence for depression?
women
How is depression among children identified?
changes in: school sleep behavior/appetite anger
Juvenile delinquents have depression 25% of the time. What is a classic feature of how their symptoms manifest?
deny symptoms and acknowledge boredom ANHEDONIA
What disorders are characterized by a prolonged disturbance in emotional state NOT DUE to physical/mental disorder?
depressive disorders
What disorder involves severe temper outbursts only in children 7-18 years with Sx prior to age 10?
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation
How does major depressive disorder differ in children?
irritable mood and aggression
What is a less severe type of depression?
Dysthymia (long-term, chronic)
What are specifiers for depressive disorders?
anxious distress mixed features melancholic features atypical features psychotic features catatonia peripartum seasonal
partial or full remission
severity: mild, moderate, severe
Why do Most people with bipolar relapse when they stop taking medication?
they feel better and no longer feel the need to take meds
Use of antidepressants is limited to treatment during depressive episodes. Once depressive episode is gone?
antidepressant is gradually decreased
atypical antipsychotics are used for bipolar in order to make mood swings less frequent and less intense?
true
