Schizophrenia Drug Therapy: Typical and Atypical antipsychotics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is an example of a typical antipsychotic?

A

Chlorpromazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Are typical antipsychotics an antagonist or an agonist?

A

Antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What kind of antagonist are typical antipsychotics?

A

Dopamine Antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does Chlorpromazine work?

A

Binds to the D2 receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are the D2 receptors?

A

On the post synoptic neurons in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does Chlorpromazine do?

A

Reduces the dopamine activity levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does a reduction in dopamine activity levels lead to?

A

A reduction in postive symptoms such as hallucinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are Typical Antipsychotics also used for?

A

A sedative
Calming patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an example of Atypical Antipsychotic?

A

Clozapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is Clozapine an antagonist or an antagonist?

A

Both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does Clozapine act upon?

A

Dopamine and serotonin neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does Clozapine bind to?

A

D2 dopamine receptor sites on post synoptic neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does Clozapine reduce?

A

Positive symptoms such as hallucinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does Clozapine also act upon?

A

Serotonin receptor sites (2A and 2C)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why does Clozapine act upon serotonin?

A

To increase levels of serotonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does an increase in serotonin do?

A

Reduces negative symptoms such as lack of emotions, helps improve mood and reduce depression and anxiety in patients

17
Q

What are atypical antipsychotics associated with?

A

A life threatening illness called Agranulocytosis

18
Q

When are atypical antipsychotics only given?

A

When typical antipsychotics are not effective or if the patient has sever negative side effects

19
Q

What will happen if the patient is given atypical antipsychotics?

A

They will be regularly monitored for signs of agranulocytosis

20
Q

What can typical antipsychotics give patients?

A

Parkinsonism

21
Q

What will Parkinsonism do?

A

Affects patients motor movements and can be quite distressing to a previously fit and able individual

22
Q

1 - A strength is that there is evidence to support their effectiveness

A

There is a large body of research to support the effectiveness of typical and atypical

23
Q

1 - Who investigated the research to support?

A

Thornley et al

24
Q

1 - What did Thornley et al use?

A

A meta-analysis of 13 studies with a total of 1121 ppts

25
Q

1- What did Thornely et al investigate?

A

Chlorpromazine against a placebo

26
Q

1- What did Thornley et al find?

A

Typical antipsychotic was associated with better overall functioning and reduced symptom severity

27
Q

1 - What did Meltzer conclude?

A

Clozapine was more effective than typical antipsychotics, is effective in 30-50% of treatment resistant cases

28
Q

2 - Another strength os they require little motivation

A

Patient only has to take tablet to reduce symptoms of Sz unlike CBT

29
Q

2 - What does CBT require?

A

Motivation as they have to attend sessions and engage in them to identify and challenge irrational thoughts like delusions

30
Q

2 - Why might CBT be difficult for a person with Sz?

A

May not have an accurate perception of reality

31
Q

2 - Why is it beneficial to a person with negative symptoms such as avolition?

A

They receive immediate positive effects on their symptoms

32
Q

2 - What is the link?

A

More accessible so more appropriate

33
Q

3 - Weakness is that it can cause negative side effects

A

Typical such as Chlorpromazine can cause Parkinsonism and atypical can cause agranulocytosis

34
Q

3 - Unlike…

A

CBT which identifies and challenges irrational thoughts without drugs so there aren’t any potentially life threatening illnesses

35
Q

3 - What is the link?

A

Not appropriate, reduces effectiveness, when they stop taking them, may relapse