Schizophrenia

Question 1

Classification of schizophrenia.

Answer 1

2 major classification systems used for diagnosing SZ is = World Health Organisation’s International Classificationof Disease edition 10 (ICD-10) and the American’s Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual edition 5 (DSM-5) / V

(symptoms vary throughout these classifications)

Question 2

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 2

positive symptons of schizophrenia are additonal experiences beyond those of ordinary existence.

Question 3

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 3

negative symptoms of SZ are those that appear to reflect a reduction or loss of normal functions

(Bonus- negative symptoms have been shown to weaken a sufferers ability to deal with everyday activities)

Question 4

study for Reliability and validity in diagnosis

Answer 4

rosenhaan “on being sane in insane places” - entering mental institutions with no symotons of SZ to test admissions and release times.

testing reliability and validity of DSM

BONUS = ISSUE
subjectivity

Question 5

speech poverty AKA alogia

Answer 5

is characterised by the lessenihng of speech fluency and productivity, this is thought to reflect slowing or blocked thoughts, they may produce fewer words in a given time

alogia can also be reflected a less complex syntax e.g fewer classes, shorter utterances etc. this type of speech appears to be associated with longer illnesses

Question 6

avolition

Answer 6

this is reductions of interests and desires as well as an inability to initiate and persist in a goal directed behaviour

distinct from poor social functionor disinterest

abolition is specified as a reduction in self initiated involvement in activities that are available to the patient

Question 7

psychomotor retardation

Answer 7

slowing of thought and physical movement (negative symptom)

Question 8

lack of personal care

Answer 8

also another negative symptom, lack of personal hygeniene

Question 9

apathy

Answer 9

social withdrawal (negative sympton)

Question 10

anhedonia

Answer 10

(negatvie sympton ) lack of pleasure

Question 11

affective flattening

Answer 11

lack of emption (negative emotion)

Question 12

reliability

Answer 12

diagnosis of SZ must be repeatable (test retest reliability) or different clinicians must reach the same conclusion of inter rater reliability

Question 13

reliability

Answer 13

diagnosis of SZ must be repeatable (test retest reliability) or different clinicians must reach the same conclusion of inter rater reliability

classifications systems such as DSM are useless unless they are reliable.

Question 14

study on reliabilty and cultural differences

Answer 14

luhrmann et al. = 60 adults diagnosed w SZ 20 each in ghana India and USA