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THE EXAM > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

what symptom is most likely during the prodrome phase?

A

attenuated positive sx

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2
Q

which type of city is a risk factor for scz?

A

densely populated, large urban ones

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3
Q

what is a major risk factor for suicide in scz?

A

hopelessness

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4
Q

which PD is the relative of someone with scz going to have

A

schizotypal

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5
Q

maximum amount of time one can have psychotic sx during prodrome?

A

less than 7 days

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6
Q

Name the three syndromal subgroups:

A
  1. attenuated positive symptom syndrome (most common) 2. brief intermittent psychotic 3. genetic risk and deterioration
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7
Q

Treatment of serotonin syndrome

A

atypical AP or benzos, cyproheptadine

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8
Q

Treatment of NMS

A

bromocriptine (Da agonist), dantrolene (muscle relaxant)

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9
Q

Top four lab findings in NMS (all increased)

A
  1. WBC 2. CK 3. myoglobin 4. liver enzymes
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10
Q

two tx for neuroleptic induced akathesia

A
  1. benzo. 2. propranolol
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11
Q

Is violence more or less likely in FEP

A

more– greatest risk of violence and self harm

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12
Q

What are the ABCD of first rank sx

A

AH (audible thoughts), Broadcasting/TI/TW, Control (passivity delusions), Delusions

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13
Q

Which genetic syndrome is most linked to scz

A

22q11

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14
Q

Does psychoeducation help in scz?

A

No effect on tx outcomes

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15
Q

Prevalence of SUD in scz

A

47%

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16
Q

How many years earlier do cannabis users develop psychosis than controls?

A

2.7 yr

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17
Q

Which CYP enzyme does cigarette smoking work on?

A

1A2 inducer (increases metabolism)

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18
Q

The metabolism of which two AP are susceptible to cig smoking?

A

clz and olz

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19
Q

What is the risk of someone with a Clinical High Risk of developing psychosis?

A

25-35%

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20
Q

Health Canada suggested QTc cut-off

A

500ms

21
Q

Which psychosocial intervention has the strongest evidence to prevent relapse in scz?

A

family intervention (which involved 1. communication skills 2. psychoed 3. problem solving)

22
Q

Name two medical conditions to rule out in post partum psychosis

A
  1. hypothyroidism 2. cushing’s
23
Q

Key difference bw NMS and SS?

A

SS has hyperreflexia and myoclonus, NMS has hyporeflexia

24
Q

Two most common delusions

A
  1. persecutory 2. jealousy
25
Q

Which age is considered late onset scz

A

45

26
Q

Neuroimaging findings in scz

A

basically most structures are atrophies except the caudate which are enlarged (may be secondary to AP effect in basal ganglia)

27
Q

Which is a RF for scz, advanced maternal or paternal age?

A

paternal age, over 60

28
Q

Which mental illness is being in an oneiroid state associated with?

A

scz (perplexed, dream like state where one is so enmeshed in their hallucinations)

29
Q

Which gender does schizoaffective predominantly affect?

A

bipolar type M=F, dep F>M (overall F>M)

30
Q

In scza how long is the period of just psychotic sx?

A

2 weeks

31
Q

what is a kinesthetic hallucination

A

feeling your body move

32
Q

If both parents have scz, what is the risk of the child getting it?

A

40%

33
Q

Risk of getting scz if one non-twin sibling is affected?

A

8%

34
Q

Neuroanatomic regions affected by scz? (3)

A
  1. cerebral cortex (prefrontal). 2. limbic system. 3. basal ganglia
35
Q

Two cognitive impairments in scz

A
  1. working memory (impaired digit backwards) 2. temporal-limbic
36
Q

Which gender’s fertility is more affected by scz?

A

M

37
Q

What are Bleuler’s 4 As

A
  1. associations 2. ambivalence 3. autism. 4. affect
38
Q

Most efficacious tx of akathesia?

A

BB

39
Q

What is a cenethestic hallucination

A

unfounded bodily sensation (brain on fire)

40
Q

therapeutic range for clozapine?

A

1050- 1650 nmol/L

41
Q

first line intervention for clinically high risk folks

A

CBT +/- family

42
Q

What ECG changes do you see with myocarditis

A

sinus tachycardia with non-specific ST and T wave changes (inversion common)

43
Q

Which AP associated movement d/o is the only one more likely to happen in M than F

A

Dystonia

44
Q

Which class of AP is better for scz with co-morbid SUD?

A

atypicals (esp clozapin)

45
Q

What do you tell patient’s about their footwear before starting AIMS

A

Remove shoes and socks

46
Q

Three blood tests to order for suspected myocarditis?

A
  1. CRP 2. Trop 3. eosinophil (CBC)
47
Q

What is the relationship bw depression and delusional d/o?

A

It is co-morbid but NOT a risk factor

48
Q

How long does BIPS last?

A

LESS than 7 days

49
Q

Best imaging study to dx myocarditis?

A

echo

THE EXAM (19 decks)

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