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THE EXAM > Child > Flashcards

Child Flashcards

1
Q

How long should a child be treated with a SSRI for OCD to be an adequate trial?

A

8 weeks on max dose, 12 weeks in total

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2
Q

Which AD is Health Canada approved for depression?

A

None

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3
Q

Which AD has a worst risk for increasing SI?

A

Venlafaxine

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4
Q

Which AP is HC approved in children?

A

Aripip for <18 in scz

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5
Q

which part of sleep do night terrors occur?

A

first third of the night (NREM stage 3 or 4)

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6
Q

first line med tx for ADHD

A

long acting stimulants

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7
Q

Which two “anxiety” d/o are more prevalent in males than females in childhood?

A
  1. OCD. 2. Tourettes
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8
Q

list three amphetamine based psychostimulants

A
  1. dexedrine. 2. adderal. 3. vyvanse
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9
Q

list three ADHD methylphenidate based psychostimulants

A
  1. ritalin. 2. Biphentin. 3. Concerta
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10
Q

before which age cant RAD be diagnosed and before which age does the disturbance need to be evident

A

9 mo and 5 yrs

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11
Q

what is the average age of onset of tic d/o

A

4-6 yrs

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12
Q

Do attention difficulties come before or after tics?

A

before

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13
Q

Does OCD come before or after tics?

A

After

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14
Q

Before which age is it considered childhood onset CD

A

10 yrs

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15
Q

Most common maternal infection related cause of a child having a DD

A

rubella

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16
Q

Most common presenting sign of Tourettes

A

eye blinking

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17
Q

most common comorbidity of ADHD

A

ODD (67%)

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18
Q

most common method of completed suicide in children

A

hanging

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19
Q

which parent is more likely to abuse the child

A

fathers

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20
Q

at what age do children start to develop theory of mind

A

4-5 yrs

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21
Q

Children with ADHD and CD are at risk of developing which d/o

A

SUD

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22
Q

co-morbidity most common with tourettes

A

ADHD

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23
Q

most common childhood d/o

A
  1. Anxiety. 2. MDD
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24
Q

criteria for enuresis

A

2x/w x 3mo for >4 yrs

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25
Q

most effective tx for enuresis

A

bell and pad (behavioral therapy)

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26
Q

cerebral palsy and hyperuricemia makes you think off?

A

Lesch Nyhan

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27
Q

is physical abuse a criteria in RAD

A

no, more neglect

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28
Q

is physical abuse a criteria in disinhibited social engagement d/o>

A

no, more neglect

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29
Q

Is encopresis involuntary or intentional?

A

can be either

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30
Q

best tx for separation anxiety d/o

A

multimodal (family therapy, psychoed, meds)

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31
Q

when does normative seperation anxiety peak and then diminishes?

A

9-18 mo then diminishes by 2 yrs

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32
Q

prevalence of psychiatric d/o in children and adolescents

A

15-20%

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33
Q

Prior to what age must ADHD sx be present

A

12

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34
Q

For ADHD what the minimum number of settings sx must be present?

A

two

35
Q

for ADHD can symptoms vary based on how stimulating the situation is?

A

yes

36
Q

when do the first sx of ODD appear?

A

in preschool years

37
Q

what is the minimum age to diagnosis ODD or CD

A

there is none

38
Q

Below which age does the PTSD criteria get modified for youth?

A

Age 6 and younger

39
Q

was is the best behavioral approach to ODD?

A

“reinforce the positive and ignore the negative” (positive reinforcement and extinction)

40
Q

suicide attempts occur in what percent of adolescents?

A

7-11%

41
Q

what percentage of children with separation anxiety go on to have a psychiatric d/o as adults

A

33.3%

42
Q

percentage of ADHD that remits in adolescence

A

30-40%

43
Q

separation anxiety and school refusal is more common in which gender

A

M=F

44
Q

what is the most common childhood anxiety disorder

A

separation

45
Q

which type of attachment is most associated with separation anxiety d.o

A

insecure

46
Q

best therapy for a child with an anxiety d.o

A

CBT

47
Q

what is the key different in the MDD criteria bw adults and children

A

for children irritable mood can replace depressed mood

48
Q

what is the most frequently reported sx of schizophrenia in children

A

AH

49
Q

prevalence of CD

A

6.8%

50
Q

Is CD associated with higher or lower arousability?

A

lower

51
Q

What percent of CD will convert to anti-social PD

A

ranges from 30-50% (depends on the subtype; childhood onset at higher end )

52
Q

What was the main conclusion from the Isle of Wight Study by Rutter et al

A

psychopathology was twice as high in medically unwell children than health kids

53
Q

over what time period does stuttering generally develop

A

weeks to months

54
Q

what age range does stuttering typically occur

A

18mo - 9 yrs

55
Q

What is the most common cause of language delay in childhood?

A

deafness or hearing loss

56
Q

what are markers for the best prognosis in a child with autism

A
  1. IQ > 70 with good adaptive skills. 2. develops language by 5-7 yrs
57
Q

Percentage of children/youth with autism who have a seizure

A

25-30%

58
Q

what is the most common pattern of selective mutism

A

child will speak at home with the nuclear family but not elsewhere

59
Q

do individuals with ADHD have an increased or decreased risk for criminal behavior in adulthood?

A

increased

60
Q

which features of ADHD are more likely to resolve by adulthood

A

hyperactivity (the inattention and impulsivity persists)

61
Q

What is the genetic pattern with highest risk of tourette’s transmission

A

autosomal dominant

62
Q

first line med tx for tourette’s

A

AP (risperidone is most effective, followed by olz and pimozide)

63
Q

name two evidence based. behavioral interventions for tourette’s

A
  1. habit reversal. 2. CBIT
64
Q

which co-morbidity leads to the worst outcomes in pediatric MDD

A

OCD

65
Q

Main conclusion of POTS study

A

Combo (CBT+SSRI) = CBT > sertraline > placebo (in OCD)

66
Q

what is the most common comorbid psych d/o among youth with bipolar?

A

ADHD

67
Q

two AP to use in aggression in autism

A
  1. risp. 2. abilify
68
Q

main difference bw disruptive mood dysregulation and intermittent explosive d.o

A

in DMDD they have inter-episode irritability

69
Q

least common co-morbidity with ADHD

A

ASD

70
Q

in ARFID do you need both weight loss and nutritional deficiencies?

A

no at least one of those OR (psychosocial impairment or oral/enteral supplements)

71
Q

what are the three reasons an ARFID kid restricts food

A
  1. lack of interest in food 2. sensory aversion 3. an aversive experience (i.e. choking)
72
Q

what is the rate of ADHD in a parent or sibling of a child with ADHD?

A

2-8x the general population

73
Q

can ODD be co-morbid with CD?

A

no

74
Q

are language disorders specific to spoken speech?

A

no, also includes issues with writing, sign language, etc

75
Q

are language disorders deficits in comprehension or speech production?

A

can be either or both

76
Q

What is the heritability of ADHD in a monozygotic twin of someone with ADHD

A

76%

77
Q

main difference bw the WISC and WIAT

A

only WIAT assesses school performance (WISC just assesses intelligence which is not sufficient for dx reading d/o)

78
Q

which psychostimulant is less likely to cause tics

A

methylphenidate

79
Q

what is the relationship bw stimulant tx of ADHD and later development of SUD

A

stimulant tx will reduce or delay onset of SUD in adolescence, but this benefit is lost in adulthood

80
Q

initial starting dose of atomoxetine

A

0.5mg/kg/ day (if < 70kg)

81
Q

which erikson stage coincides with freud’s phallic and piaget’s pre-concrete?

A

initiative vs guilt

82
Q

what is the most likely issue for a adolescent male not developing secondary male sex characteristics but experiencing gynecomastia

A

Klienfelter (47, XXY)

83
Q

what EEG finding is seen in children with ADHD

A

elevated beta and theta activity

THE EXAM (19 decks)

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