Schizophrenia Flashcards
what are the core schizophrenic symptoms
Delusions
Hallucinations
Thought interference
Passivity
what are the subtypes of schizophrenia
Paranoid
Hebephrenic
Catatonic
what is paranoid schizophrenia
typical, most common
1st rank symptoms predominate
what is hebephrenic schizophrenia
immature or inappropriate behaviour - giggling, playing pranks on people
what is catatonic schizophrenia
movement disorder - periods of inactivity where patient cannot move - stuck holding a posture
what are some other paranoid psychoses
Persistent Delusional Disorder
-systematised, fixed delusions (only feature)
Schizotypical disorder
-ecentricity and aloofness, social withdrawal, paranoid quasi-delusional ideas, magical thinking, transient auditory hallucination
Acute and transient psychotic disorder
-schizophrenic like symptoms lasting < one month
Schizoaffective disorder
-bipolar and schizophrenia together
what are positive symptoms
Hallucinations
Delusions
Passivity phenomena
Disorder of the form of thought
what are negative symptoms
Reduced amount of speech Reduced motivation Reduced interest/pleasure Reduced social interaction Blunting of affect
when is peak onset of schizophrenia for men and women
men - 15-25 years
women - 25-35 years
patient risk factors for schizophrenia
Genetics
-22q11
-higher rates in African Caribbean in uk
Birth complications
-prematurity, prolonged labour, petal distress, hypoxia
-prenatal virus exposure
Winter/spring birth/ - related to different viruses
environmental risk factors for schizophrenia
Drug use - heavy regular cannabis use led to 2-4x increased risk
urban dwelling
social adversity or deprivation
neurodeveopmental changes - enlarged ventricles, thinner cortices
neurochemical changes - altered dopamine signalling
what are some premorbid characteristics in schizophrenia
subtle motor, cognitive and social deficits in childhood that become greater as time goes on eg. delay in speech/walking
what are some prodromal symptoms in schizophrenia
gradual onset, non-specific symptoms
odd ideas & experiences, eccentricity, altered affect, odd behaviours
what are bad prognostic indicators for schizophrenia
Poor pre-morbid adjustment Insidious onset Early onset - childhood/adolescence Long duration of untreated psychosis Cognitive impairment Enlarged ventricles
what are good prognostic indicators for. schizophrenia
Shorter time of untreated psychosis Older age of onset Female gender Marked mood disturbance especially elation Family history of mood disorder
