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3 Psych > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

what is personality

A

cluster of predictable patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving that is generally consistent across time, space and context

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2
Q

what makes up the structure of personality

A 
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion 
Neuroticism 
Agreeableness

(OCEAN)

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3
Q

what is a personality disorder

A

a pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from expectations of the individuals culture

pattern leads to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other areas of functioning

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4
Q

what areas do personality disorder patterns of experience manifest in

A

Cognition
Affectivity
Interpersonal functioning
Impulse control

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5
Q

criteria for the pattern of behaviour seen in personality disorders

A

Stable and long duration

Not better explained as a manifestation or consequence of another mental health disorder

is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance

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6
Q

what is anakaastic/OCPD personality disorder

A

Excessive feelings of doubt and caution

Preoccupation with details, rules, lists, order, organisation

Perfectionism that interferes with task completion

Excessive conscientiousness and scrupulousness

Undue preoccupation with productivity to the exclusion of pleasure and relationships

Excessive pedantry and a adherence to social conventions

rigidity and stubbornness

unreasonable insistence that others submit to exactly their way of doing things

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7
Q

what makes it a personality disorder not a personality trait

A

It is a disorder if it is pervasive (not just in specific situations) and causes distress or impairment of functioning in most areas

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8
Q

How do you measure personality

A

Clinical assessment - multiple over time

Rating scales

  • ZAN-BPD
  • personality assessment schedule
  • personality disorders questionnaire
  • minnesota multi
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9
Q

what causes a personality disorder

A

genes
individual factors
environment

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10
Q

what percentage of the general population have a personality disorder

A

10.6%

1 in 10

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11
Q

what PDs are classified as cluster A in ICD-10

A

‘odd and eccentric’

Paranoid PD
Schizoid PD

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12
Q

What PDs are classified as cluster B in ICD-10

A 
'dramatic and emotional'
Antisocial 
Emotionally unstable 
Borderline 
Histrionic
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13
Q

what ODs are classified as cluster C in ICD-10

A

‘anxious and avoidant’
Anxious
Dependent
Anakastic (OCPD)

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14
Q

What is paranoid personality disorder

A

pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others so their motives are interpreted as malevolent

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15
Q

what criteria must patients meet 4 of to have paranoid personality disorder

A
  • Suspects other are exploiting, harming or deceiving them
  • Is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends/associates
  • reluctant to confide in other for fear info will be used against them
  • reads hidden demeaning or threatening messages into benign remarks or events
  • persistently bears grudges
  • perceives attacks on his or her character or reputation that are not apparent to others - quick to react angrily or to counter attack
  • has recurrent suspicions without justification regarding cheating partners
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16
Q

what is schizoid PD

A

pattern of detachment from social relationships with restricted range of emotions in interpersonal settings

17
Q

what criteria must patients have 4 or more of to have schizoid PD

A
  • Neither desires no enjoys close relationships - including being in a family
  • almost always chooses solitary activities
  • little if any interest in having sexual experiences with another person
  • takes pleasure in few if any activities
  • lacks close friends/confidants
  • appears indifferent to praise or criticism of others
  • shows emotional coldness, detachment or flattened affect
18
Q

What is Antisocial PD

A

Pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Occuring since 15 y/o

19
Q

what criteria must a patient have 3 of to have antisocial personality disorder

A
  • failure to conform to social norms with lawful behaviours eg. repeatedly performing acts that are grounds for arrest
  • deceitfulness indicated by repeated lying, use of aliases or conning others for profit or pleasure
  • impulsivity/failure to plan
  • irritability and aggressiveness
  • reckless disregard for safety of self or others
  • consistent irresponsibility eg. repeated failure to sustain consistent work/meet financial obligations
  • lack of remorse
20
Q

what is borderline personality disorder (emotionally unstable)

A

pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self image and affects

marked impulsivity beginning in early adulthood

21
Q

what criteria do you need to meet 5 or more of to be diagnosed with BPD

A
  • frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
  • pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships alternating between extremes of idealisation and devaluation
  • identity disturbance, persistently unstable self image/sense of self
  • impulsivity which is self damaging
  • recurrent suicidal behaviour, gestures or threats or self mutilating behaviour
  • Marked reactivity of mood
  • chronic feelings of emptiness
  • inappropriate intense anger
  • transient, stress related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms
22
Q

what is histrionic personality disorder

A

pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking

23
Q

what criteria do you need 5 or more of to have histrionic PD

A
  • uncomfortable in situations where they aren’t the centre of attention
  • interaction with others inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behaviour
  • rapidly shifting and shallow emotions
  • consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self
  • has a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking detail
  • shows self dramatisation, theatrically and exaggerated expression of emotion
  • is easily influences
  • considers relationships to be more intimate than they are
24
Q

what is avoidant personality disorder

A

pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

25
Q

what criteria must patients meet 4 of to have avoidant PD

A
  • avoids occupational activities involving interpersonal contact for fears of criticism/ disapproval
  • unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of people liked
  • shows restraint within intimate relationships due to fear of being shamed/ridiculed
  • preoccupied with being criticised or rejected in social situations

-inhibited in new interpersonal situations due to feelings of
inadequacy

  • views self as socially inept, personally unappealing or inferior
  • reluctant to take personal risks or engage in new activities as they might be embarrassing
26
Q

what is dependent personality disorder

A

excessive need to be taken care of leading to submissive and clinging behaviour with fears of separation

27
Q

what criteria do patients with dependant PD need to meet 5 of

A
  • difficulty making everyday decisions without excessive amount of reassurance
  • needs other to assume responsibility for most major areas of their life
  • difficulty expressive disagreement with other for fear of loss/approval
  • difficulty initiating projects or doing things on his or her own
  • goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support from others - to point of doing unpleasant things
  • feels uncomfortable or helpless when along because of exaggerated fears of being unable to care for himself or herself
  • urgently seeks another relationship as source of care and support when a relationship ends
  • unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of themselves
28
Q

what is obsessive compulsive PD (not same as OCD)

A

pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and mental and interpersonal control

29
Q

what is psychopathy

A

a set of ‘deficits’ in emotional and cognitive functioning

30
Q

what is interpersonal factors in psychopathy

A
  • superficial charm
  • grandiose self worth
  • pathological lying
  • conning/manipulative
31
Q

what is affective factors in psychopathy

A
  • lack of remorse or guilt
  • shallow affect
  • callous/lack of empathy
  • failure to accept responsibility for actions
32
Q

what is lifestyle factors in psychopathy

A
  • need for stimulation (prone to boredom)
  • parasitic lifestyle
  • lack of realistic long term goals
  • impulsivity
  • irresponsibility
33
Q

what are antisocial factors in psychopathy

A
  • poor behavioural controls
  • early behavioural problems
  • juvenile delinquency
  • revocation of condition
  • criminal versitility
34
Q

How do you treat AVOIDANT PD

A

Teaching people social skills

Antidepressants

35
Q

how do you treat BPD (emotionally unstable PD)

A

Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT)
Drugs for co-morbid conditions
Antipsychotics
Mood stabilisers

36
Q

what is DBT (dialectical behavioural therapy)

A

focuses in reduction of suicidal behaviour

combines behavioural approaches with buddhist concepts

hard work for patients and team

3 Psych (31 decks)

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