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schizophrenia Flashcards

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1
Q

distortions of (4)?

A

thoughts, perceptions, behaviour, emotion

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2
Q

3 kinds of thought disorder

A

thought insertion, thought withdrawl, thought broadcasting

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3
Q

what is thought blocking?

A

disruption in chain of thought

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4
Q

what are neologisms?

A

made up terms for objects (paper skate - pen)

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5
Q

what is apathy?

A

lack of feelings/care about things

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6
Q

some emotional symptoms?

A

anhedonia (sums on board), blunting affect (robot) - lack of emotional sensitivity, incongruent affect (laughing at sad story), lack of motivation (big things), lack of interest in relationships/being sociable, lack of social skills. LIMITED RANGE OF EMOTION)

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7
Q

how do thoughts feel?

A

passively concentrated and compressed

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8
Q

what are positive symptoms? who are they not seen in?

A

healthy people. delusions, hallucinations, thought disorder

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9
Q

how long do you need to have symptoms to be dx?

A

1 moth(month)

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10
Q

typical auditory hallucinations?

A

3rd person hallucination, running commentary, thoughts being spoken aloud

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11
Q

what is a delusional perception?

A

a normal perception that someone thinks has a special meaning to them i.e. phone ringing three ties means something or seeing a cloud means someone is telling them to save the world

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12
Q

which symptoms respond better to treatment?

A

POSITIVE SYMTPMS

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13
Q

negative symptoms?

A

apathy - lack of interest/enthusiasm/concern
lack of violation (decision making process
social withdrawl
cognitive impairment)

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14
Q

typical age of onset in men and women?

A

15-25 in males, 25-35 in females. associated with lower socioeconomic class

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15
Q

hallmarks of psychosis?

A

hallucinations, delusions and disorder of the form of thought

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16
Q

what is psychosis ?

A

inability to distinguish between subjective experience and reality
Characterised by lack of insight

17
Q

second person auditory hallucination?

A

voices directly address patient

18
Q

third person auditory hallucination ?

A

discuss patient or give running commentary on them

19
Q

what type of hallucination is bugs crawling under skin?

A

somatory

20
Q

Behaviour is experienced as being controlled by an external agency rather than by the individual

A

passivity phenomenon (governement)

21
Q

what are self referential experiences?

A

think that things have a relevence to them - tv transmitting messages to them

22
Q

who is schizophrenia more common in

A

males of lower social class

23
Q

what kind of obstetric complications can cause it?

A

• 2nd trimester viral infectin, pre eclampsia, hypoxia), childhood CNS infections, early cannabis use, urban upbringing.

24
Q

psychological causes ?

A

stress, adverse life events, use of psychoactive drugs

25
Q

neurochemical changes in schizophrenia?

A

Changes in dopamine signalling within the brain, with this being confirmed by the fact that anti psychotics target dopamine receptors (not a simple increase or decrease but probably a combination of both in different parts of brain )

26
Q

histologically, there is a lack of ?

A

gliosis

27
Q

structural changes in brain?

A

ventricular enlargement and alteration of CSF flow
decreased amount of healthy white matter
decrease in great matter volume

28
Q

negative symptoms ?

A

apathy, social withdrawal, self neglect, poverty of thought, reduced social performance blunted and incongruent affect

29
Q

positive symptoms ?

A

delusions, hallucinations, thought disorder.

30
Q

o Mutism, stupor, posturing, negativism, command automatism.
♣ Posturing: maintenance of odd postures.
♣ Negativism: resistance to command or attempts to be moved.
Command automatism: will do whatever you ask them to

what type of schizophrenia?

A

Catatonic

31
Q

disorganised schizophrenia?

A

thought disorder, odd behaviour, odd delusions

32
Q

what is the most common type of schizophrenia?

A

paranoid

33
Q

first rank symptoms are bad indicator. what are they

A

passivity, delusional perception, thought insertion etc

34
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Clinical

one psychotic symptom and negative symptoms and thought disorder which have been present for one month

35
Q

what is first line treatment of schizophrenia?

A

oral atypical antipsychotics

36
Q

what should be offered to all patients?

A

CBT

37
Q

why monitor cardiovascular risk factors in schizophrenia?

A

high rates of CVD linked to anti psychotic medication and high smoking rates

psych (29 decks)

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