schizophrenia (2) Flashcards
what does a schizophrenia “split mind” mean
irrational divergence between behavior and thought content
what is an illusion?
misperception of REAL EXTERNAL stimuli
what is a hallucination?
sensory perceptions NOT generated by external stimuli
what are delusions
abnormalities in thought content
ex. delusion that you are being watched by the government
what are ideas of reference?
false conviction that one is subject of attention by other ppl (crowds, TV, internet)
ex. someone scratches their nose and you think that they are trying to tell you that you have a booger
what does algoia mean?
patient is mute or speaks very few words
what is echolalia?
repeating statements of others/associating words by their sounds, not by meaning
what is neologisms?
inventing new words
what is circumstantiality
when answering a question, one presents unnecessary and voluminous details
what is tangentially
getting further and further away from the point and failing to answer the question
explain the prodrome of schizo
prior to 1st psychotic break
avoidance of social activities, quite and passive or irritable, sudden interest in religion or philosophy, may have physical complaints
explain the “psychotic/active” phase of schizo
loss of touch with reality
associated with positive symptoms
explain the “residual” phase of schizo
period between psychotic episodes
in touch with reality but doesn’t behave normally
assoc with negative symptoms
what are negative symptoms of schizo
peculiar thinking, eccentric behavior and with drawl from social interactions
whats age of onset for
men
women
men 15-25 yrs
women 25-35 yrs
what factor puts you most at risk for tardive dyskinesia due to anti-psychotic meds?
the DURATION of time on medication
what are some environmental factors associated with schizo?
viral & drug exposure in utero
3rd trimester diuretics
anti-NMDA receptor antibodies
in schizo, where in the brain would you see decreased glucose?
prefrontal cortex
what part of schizo brain is enlarged?
3rd and 4th ventricles
schizo’s lack brain “spin”, what does this lead to?
loss of asymmetry in the brain
what are schizo eyes?
loss of smooth pursuit of eye movement
hurky, jerky eyes
what causes the positive symptoms seen in schizo?
excess dopamine activity in the mesolimbic tract
what causes the negative symptoms in shizo?
HYPOactivity in the mesocortical dopamine tract
giving someone an anti-psychotic that blocks D2 would help with which track but hurt another?
- help with the excess dopamine in the mesolimbic
- HURT the hypoactive mesocortical track
what do antagonists of NMDA (subtype of GLU receptor) result in?
psychosis
explain the GLU-GABA-GLU-DA model and what symptoms does it cause
causes the POSITIVE SYMPTOMS -mesolimbic
too little glu–too little GABA–too much glu–too much dopamine
explain the GLU-GABA-GLU-GABA-DA model and what symptoms does it cause
causes NEGATIVE symptoms- mesocortical
too little glu-too little GABA–too much glu–too much GABA–no dopamine
do schizo patients have clouding of consciousness?
NO but delirium & substance abuse patients DO
what symptoms of schizo can drugs fix?
only the positive symptoms
NOT the negative symptoms
what can cognitive behavioral therapy provide?
improve executive dysfunction-memory, concentration, planning, prioritizing
what disorder
“person with schizo symptoms for 1-29 days”
brief psychotic disorder
what disorder?
“schizo symptoms for 1-6 months”
schizophreniform disorder
what is schizoaffective disorder?
schizophrenia + mania and/or depression
what is delusional disorder
delusions and no other schizo symptoms
what is shared psychotic disorder
one person is delusion then another person follows
