development (15) Flashcards
how many weeks is premature? very premature?
premature less than 37 wks
very premature: less than 32 weeks
what does each letter stand for in the APGAR score? what does it predict?
predicts the likelihood of immediate survival A-appearance (color) P-pulse G-grimace (reflex irritability) A-activity (muscle tone) R-respiration
what comes first, understanding or expression?
understanding
what is the chess and thomas theory about?
theory on temperament
birth endogenous differences
what is the erik erkson theory about
critical periods of social goals
what is the jean paget theory about
cognitive or learning capabilities
what is the margaret mahler theory about
separation-individuation
what researcher discovered the issues with the kids in the orphanages getting sick and dying?
spitz
kids getting sick because they are not getting attachment to any other humans
what age do you see social smile
12 weeks
when do you see stranger anxiety?
9 months
what age do you see separation anxiety? what must come first?
late in 1st year. object permanence must come first
at 1 year, how much of what a child is saying should a stranger understand? 2 years? 3 years? 4 years?
at 1 year, a stranger should be able to understand 20% of what child is saying, 2 years: 50%, 3 years 75% and at 4 years a stranger should understand 100%
at what age does child start saying “no”
age 2
what is rapprochement? what age do you see it
18 mo-3 years
moves away from care giver but quickly returns for comfort
what type of play do you see in the toddler years
parallel play
what are the milestones at age 3
spend a few hours away form mother in a care of another adult
what age do you gender identify?
3 years old
what age do you see cooperative play?
age 4
what is a big fear during the preschool years (3-6)?
strong fear of bodily injury
when does a child develop a conscious?
6
when does a child understand the finality of death?
age 6
when does the child have a sense of universality of death (i could die to)?
age 9
when do girls first menstruate?
11-14
when is first ejaculation?
12-15
what brain changes do you see during adolescence?
myelination (increase white matter to gray matter ratio)
pruning (up to 50% of the synaptic connections are lost)
when is the average first sexual intercourse? first marriage?
sex- 16
marriage-23
what is climacterium?
physiological changes that occur in men and women during midlife
what is the “ego integrity vs despair” seen in people over the age of 65
pride in accomplishments or feels wasted life
what changes do you see in neurotransmitters in ppl over 65?
decrease neurotransmitter availability (decreased secretion, increased monoamine oxidase, less responsive receptors)
what are the stages of dying?
o Denial o Anger o Bargaining o Depression o Acceptance
what would be considered “abnormal grief”
o abnormal grief, symptoms intensify or persist over time instead of lessening, involve suicidal thinking or hallucinations
