psychotherapy (6) Flashcards
what is the hawthorne effect
Improvement as a result of receiving attention
“watching ppl working in a factory made their productivity go up”
what therapy
“Based on idea that unconscious conflicts are repressed and cause difficulty (insight-oriented)”
psychoanalytic
what are the goals of psychoanalytical therapy
- bringing unconscious to conscious
* understanding conflicts and behaviors
list some techniques used in psychoanalytical therapy
- free association-say whatever comes to mid
- analysis of transference
- analysis of resistance
- dream interpretaion
what does analysis of transference mean?
how does the patient react to the therapist
what does analysis of resistance mean?
understand how patient blocks themselves from discussing uncomfortable thoughts
describe the type of patient that psychoanalysis works best for
intelligent, flexible and NOT psychotic
what disorders does psychoanalysis work best with?
emotional problems (conversion disorder, OCD, moderate to severe personality disorders, dysthymic disorder) resulting from childhood conflict
what therapy type takes the longest?
psychoanalytical
whats the “shorter” version of psychoanalysis?
short term dynamic psychotherapy-coping with current life stressors
what therapy
“focuses on present rather than past experiences like in psychoanalytical pyschotherapy. Based on idea that attachments early in life (ie. To your care givers) will predispose one to develop disorders that are expressed through troubled interpersonal relationships present”
interpersonal
what is the goal of interpersonal therapy
aim to correct problematic interpersonal difficulties
what are the 4 types of interpersonal problems?
- loss & grief
- role disputes
- role transitions
- interpersonal deficits
what two disorders are treated with interpersonal therapy
eating disorders and depression
what therapy uses these two techniques:
- normalizing boundaries
- redefining blame
family systems
what therapy
“Actions of the person are the focus of treatment. A person’s history and unconscious conflicts are considered irrelevant “
behavioral therapy
what systemic desensitization and what is used to treat
(habituation) uses classical conditioning to treat fears. You can accustomed to something so you stop being afraid of it.
* *this is THE most COMMON treatment for phobias
what is aversive conditioning and what is it used for?
Classical conditioning principals are used to associate physical or psychological discomfort with undesired behaviors
Good for treatment of unwanted behaviors such as paraphilias or addictions
what is token economy and what is it used for?
- When someone does the behavior you are looking for, you re-enforce them
- Used to increase positive behavior in persons how are severely disorganized (ex. Psychotic), autistic or mentally retarded
what do you treat phobias with? (2)
-systematic desensitization & flooding
what do you use to treat depression (1)
behavioral activation
what do you use to treat autism (2)
applied behavioral analysis
token economy
what do you use to psychotic disorders?
token economy
what are the 3 phases of classical conditioning?
- before conditioning has occurred-automatic response (ie dog drooling at meat)
- process of conditioning (meat and tone)
- after conditioning has occurred (tone alone)
what is the following describing:
“you get maximal drool at the same hertz as the conditioned stimulus. If you modify the buzzer: the further away you get from the specific hertz, the less & less response”
stimulus generalization
what type of reinforcement is this:
“Giving a child a sticker every time they are sitting quietly”
positive reinforcement
what type of reinforcer is the following:
“In the middle of a boring date you say you have a headache—>you remove the unpleasant stimulus (date ends early)→you do that again in the future on a boring date”
negative reinforcement
is a parent yelling at a kid for stealing candy considered punishment or a negative reinforcer?
NEITHER
YOU CAN’T DETERMINE WHAT SOMETHING IS (EVEN PUNISHMENT) UNTIL YOU SEE HOW THE KID REACTS/WHAT HE DOES AFTER
if a parent yells at a kid, what would the kid do that would make it a punishment? a negative reinforcer?
punishment-if kid DECREASES his behavior
negative reinforcement-if kid INCREASES his behaivor
what are some undesirable drawbacks with punishment
- it does NOT erase the desire to do the event just suppresses it
- need to do it immediately after behavior
- only signals what the bad behavior is, does not tell you what the correct behavior is
what therapy
“replace presumed distorted appraisals (driven by schemas) with more adaptive appraisals. Get rid of the bad thoughts and insert good thoughts”
cognitive therapy
what are 3 types of thinking that therapist can help clients recognize in cognitive therapy
catastrophizing
overgeneralizing
dichotomous thinking
what 3 disorders is cognitive therapy used to treat
depression
anxiety
eating disorders
what are the 3 main propositions in cognitive behaivoral therapy
- Cognitive activity affects behavior-you have an event that occurs and you have your behavior to it, the cognition is between that
- Cognitive activity may be monitored & altered
- Desired behavioral change may be effected through cognitive change
what two disorders is cognitive behavioral therapy used to treat
moderate depression and anxiety disorders
what is the talking ratio in cognitive behavioral therapy?
50/50
whats the session structure of a cognitive-behaiv session
10 mins-check in, bridge from last session, brief discussion for week and agenda setting
30 mins-therapeutic work
last 10-summary, upcoming homework, feedback
what are the 4 elements of CBT case formation
- assessment
- treatment planning
- treatment
- continuous monitoring and hypothesis testing
