schiz- interactionist approach to treating

Question 1

____ ______ tackles biological correlates of the condition whilst more ____-________ approaches simultaneously address the wider aspects of the condition.

Answer 1

Drug therapy Psycho-therapeutic

Question 2

How many patients did Startup recruit, and what had happened to them

Answer 2

90
Had been admitted to hospital with an acute episode

Question 3

In Startups study how many were given standard care, and what is standard care

Answer 3

43
Antipsychotics and nursing care

Question 4

How many in Startups study did not receive standard care, and what did they receive instead

Answer 4

47
Standard care plus up to 25, 90 min CBT sessions

Question 5

In Startups study how many showed reliable clinical improvement with fewer + and - symptoms in the CBT group

Answer 5

60%

Question 6

In Startups study how many showed reliable clinical improvement

Answer 6

40%

Question 7

What remained the same for the CBT group at 6 and 12 month follow-ups

Answer 7

Improvement (60%)

Question 8

At the 6-12 month follow ups, how many from the control group showed improvement

Answer 8

17%

Question 9

Investigated the effectiveness of CBT, by recruiting __ patients who had been admitted to hospital with an acute episode. __ were given standard care i.e., antipsychotics and nursing care, whilst the other __ were given standard care plus up to __, 90 minute sessions of CBT. They found that __% of CBT group showed reliable and clinical improvement, with fewer positive AND negative symptoms, compared to __% of the control group. More importantly, these benefits stood the test of time and remained at _ and __ month follow ups, compared to just __% of the control group.

Answer 9

90
43
47
25
60
40
61
21
7

Question 10

What did Leff et al do

Answer 10

Researched the effectiveness of family therapy by studying patients who were taking antipsychotics only, and patients who were taking antipsychotics whilst also undergoing family therapy.

Question 11

What did Leff et al find

Answer 11

Those receiving both forms of therapy (biological and psychological) had significantly fewer relapses (14%) compared to those only taking antipsychotics (78%).

Question 12

Leff’s results:Those receiving both forms of therapy (biological and psychological) had significantly fewer relapses (__%) compared to those only taking antipsychotics (__%).

Answer 12

14
78

Question 13

What did Vaughn and Leff do

Answer 13

Researched schizophrenic patients returning to either high or low EE in the household and also noted how taking medication influenced relapse.

Question 14

What did Vaughn and Leff find

Answer 14

The effect of no medication on low EE was insignificant. In the high EE household, relapse increased with more face-to face contact, and with no medication relapse rate rose to 92%.

Question 15

In a high EE household what did relapse rate rise to when participants were unmedicated

Answer 15

92%

Question 16

Evaluating interactionist approach to treating schizophrenia- Evidence, Tarrier

Answer 16

P- The diathesis-stress model to treating schizophrenia has supporting research.E- Tarrier et al (2004) used 315 patients with schizophrenia and randomly allocated them to one of 3 groups: antipsychotics and CBT, antipsychotics and supportive counselling or a control group of antipsychotics alone.E- Patients in the two combined groups showed significantly lower symptom levels than the control group.L- This implies the diathesis stress account provides a more comprehensive and effective treatment for schizophrenia.

Question 17

Evaluating interactionist approach to treating schizophrenia- cost implications

Answer 17

P- However, the interactionist approach to treatment has economic implications that could affect the NHS / economy. E-Combination therapies are more expensive than single therapies and this needs to be considered in a cash-strapped NHS. As the NHS is funded by the government through taxpayers money, funding these treatments could put further strain on public spending.E- However, although combined therapies are more expensive in the short-term they are more cost-effective in the long term as they result in increased functioning and reduce relapse. L- This implies the economy may be negatively impacted in the short-term costs of the treatments, but may be positively impacted in the long-term as individuals with schizophrenia are able to take back control of their lives, return to work and contribute more to the economy.

Question 18

Evaluating interactionist approach to treating schizophrenia- Therapies may be ineffective

Answer 18

P- The interactionist approach to treating schizophrenia may still suffer from problems associated with each type of therapy that could hamper its effectiveness.E- Drug therapy = side effectsCBT = issues with age / coherent thinking and insightL-This suggests that although a combined approach to treatment may deliver twice the benefits, it could still present problems for patient’s wellbeing.

Question 19

Evaluating interactionist approach to treating schizophrenia- Combined approach can be effective

Answer 19

P- A combined, interactionist therapy for schizophrenia can be used in novel ways to help reduce the distress experienced by patients.E- Usually, medication is prescribed to reduce the symptoms of a mental health condition to enable the patient to access psychological therapy such as CBT, e.g., reducing the delusions a schizophrenic patient may be having so they can start to trust their therapist and open up to them.E- However, Garrett (2008) described successfully using CBT to change a patient’s mind about taking the antipsychotic drugs she was prescribed and therefore reducing her symptoms in that way.L- This could suggest… there are multiple ways in which an interactionist approach to treating schizophrenia can benefit the patients.