schiz- defining schiz Flashcards
What did Bleuler find in relation to prognosis of schiz
Symptoms are most severe in early adulthood, during the first 5 years after onset
Bleuler found__% recover from positive symptoms of Schizophrenia__% can make a full recovery if diagnosed early __% continue to suffer from symptoms and distress for the rest of their lives
40
20
40
What did Bleulers research indicate about the validity of prognosis for schiz
It has poor predictive validity
What is a negative symptom of schiz
The absence/loss of a normal function
What is a positive symptom of schiz
The presence of an abnormal function
For schiz to be diagnosed there must be:_ or more of the following present for _ month -delusions -hallucinations -disorganised speech -grossly disorganised or catatonic behaviour -negative symptoms
21
For schiz to be diagnosed how long must the patient be having continuous signs of disturbance
6 months with at least 1 month on symptoms that meet criteria A
When diagnosing schiz, what does social/occupational dysfunction mean
For a significant portion of time since the onset of the disturbance, level of functioning in one or more major areas(e.g work or self-care) is marked the level below the level achieved prior to onset. Or when onset in childhood or adolescence there is failure to achieve the expected level of interpersonal, academic, or occupational functioning.
What is disorganised thinking or speech
This symptom makes it hard toconcentrate on anything. Thoughts drift from one thing to another although there will be no connection between them. Some people describe their thoughts as being ‘misty’ or ‘hazy’. They will have trouble finishing reading an article or watching a TV programme and may also struggle with college / work. Words may also become jumbled or confused making it difficult for others to understand what is being said - known as ‘word salad’.
What are hallucinations
False sensory experiences that may not have any identifiable source. The most commonly reported types are auditory (hearing voices) and visual (seeing people that aren’t there).
What are delusions
False beliefs not based on fact/evidence that are very difficult to disprove. There are many types: persecution, grandeur and control
What is a delusion of grandeur
Belief that you have great power, status and control
What is a delusion of control
Belief that your actions and thoughts are being controlled
What is a delusion of persecution
The belief that you are being victimised/spied on
What is flat effect
A reduction or flattening of emotions. The range and intensity of facial expressions, tone of voice and eye contact are reduced. Body language becomes difficult to interpret.
What is alogia
Reduction in communication, This often manifests as short, empty replies to questions. The patient has difficulty starting a conversation or finding it hard to speak to people, they have lost their spontaneity. Thought to result from the slowing/ blocking of thoughts.
What is avolition
Lack of motivation. Severe lack of initiative to accomplish tasks as well as complete reduction of interest and desires. Could neglect household chores, personal grooming and/or hygiene. .
What is apathy
Difficulty in planning and setting goals. No interest in socialising or hobbies. A person does not want to do anything and will sit in the house for hours or even days.
What is inappropriate effect
When individuals appear to have lost the ability to have emotions occur in a normal and expected way. This is because their affect is a reaction to their hallucinations or delusions and their assumptions about the reasons for other people’s actions.
What is catatonia rigidity
Loss of spontaneous movement- stuck in rigid positions
What is catatonia flexibility
Excessive movement all the time
