Schengen

Question 1

Schengen area

Answer 1

1985: 5 MS (Germany Belgium France Luxembourg Netherlands) abolish border controls
= Schengen created but outside EU

Schengen 2: signed 1990 in force 1995
= aimed visa policy
Integration Amsterdam treaty
- opt out UK and Ireland

Question 2

Dimensions of Schengen

Answer 2

Abolish border controls (freedom of movement)
Harmonisation of visa policy (once entered = 90 days)
-past needed new visa for new country

Control external borders
Transnational policy cooperations (Schengen info system)
Combating illegal migration
Common rules on asylum

Question 3

Pros of Schengen

Answer 3

Allows free movement w no worries about passports, visas, long queues

Greatly reduced costs border controls and all members share cost of maintaining external borders

Reduced time takes move goods around Europe

Single visa makes easier for foreigners to understand

Question 4

Cons of Schengen

Answer 4

Some more lax about border controls than others

Some don’t necessarily want to allow everyone into their country with little to no scrutiny

Loss of border control over state territory

Question 5

Schengen and UK

Answer 5

Stable view since 1980s when Thatcher refused lift border controls

Sovereignty over border control

1997 - more pro-European stance - accepted incorporation into Amsterdam Treaty

Question 6

Explaining differentiation in Schengen: Neo-functionalism

Answer 6

spill over: Free movement people triggered demands for integration in justice and home affairs

businesses criticised time consuming border controls

supports supranationalist expectation that spill over dynamics did bring issue of Schengen on integrationist agenda

Question 7

Explaining differentiation in Schengen: Liberal intergovernmentalism

Answer 7

Importance bargaining power allowing opt outs and in

Interdependence explains why non-EU MS Norway and Switzerland joined
- avoid asylum shopping

Question 8

What is Schengen?

Answer 8

Free movement of European citizens across national borders of 26 participating states
- no visas or passport checks

Promote core principles of internal market

EU = 1 external border as its outer limits
- all members share responsibility for policing external borders