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2A - Stuff i just cannot remember > SBA 3 Mock > Flashcards

SBA 3 Mock Flashcards

1
Q

COPD spirometry results

A

FEV <80% predicted

FEV1/FVC <0.7

COPD = Obstructive

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2
Q

Pharmacological management of adult diagnosed with asthma

A
  1. SABA - Salbutamol
  2. Low ICS - beclomethasone
  3. LTRA - Montelukast
  4. LABA - Salmeterol
  5. MART = ICS + fast-LABA

6 Mod ICS
7. High ICS

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3
Q

What would indicate that a pt should add ICS to their asthma management?

A

If they:

  • use SABA > 2/week +/- asthma symptoms
  • use SABA >2/week +/- woken at night by asthma weekly
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4
Q

Which lung cancer is strongly associated with cigarette smoking?

A

Small Cell Carcinoma

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5
Q

Which lung cancer is most common in NON-SMOKERS? Any risk-factors?

A

Adenocarcinoma

RF: Asbestos exposure

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6
Q

Common sites for lung cancers to metastasise to?

A 
Adrenal glands 
Bone 
Brain 
Liver 
Lymph nodes
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7
Q

Common site for breast cancer to metastasise to?

A

Lungs

but lung cancer does not usually metastasise to breast

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8
Q

Pt is a 55yr old pilot. He is a smoker. He has noticed pain and swelling in his right calf for weeks but has ignored it. He now has pain in his chest.

Gold standard investigation for likely diagnosis? What RF does he have?

A

CT Pulmonary Angiogram

Likely diagnosis: Pulmonary Embolism

His RF:

  • Likely DVT
  • Long flights
  • smoking
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9
Q

Most common causes of typical pneumoniae in both the community and hospital

A

TYPICAL CAP
1. Strep pneumonia

TYPICAL HAP
1. Staph aureus

COPD
1. Haemophilus influenza B

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10
Q

Causes of atypical bacterial pneumoniae

Are they detectable on gram stain?

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Chlamydophila pneumonia

Legionella pneumonia

  • Not detectable on gram stain
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11
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in COPD patients

A

Haemophilus influenza B

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12
Q

CURB-65 parameters and use

A

CAP Severity

Confusion
Urea >7
RR >30
BP s<90 or d<60

> 65

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13
Q

TB Management and side effects

A

4 for 2, 2 for 4 RIPE

Rifampicin - Red/orange
Isoniazid - peripheral neuropathy (give pyridoxine)
Pyrazinamide - uric acid: arthralgia, gout, rash
Ethambutol - Eyes; Optic neuritis

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14
Q

Chromosome 7 mutation

A

Cystic Fibrosis

c/s 7 codes CFTR protein > defective Cl- secretion/ Na+ absorption

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15
Q

Chromosome 6 mutation

A

Hereditary Haemochromatosis

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16
Q

Chromosome 13 mutation

A

Wilson’s disease

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17
Q

Chromosome 14 mutation

A

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin deficiency

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18
Q

Chromosome 21 mutation

A

Trisomy - Down’s syndrome

19
Q

29-F presents with painless genital ulcer. She had unprotected sex with a new partner in the last 6 months.

EIA IgM is positive for syphilis. She has no allergies; she is not pregnant.

Management?

A

Primary Syphilis

1L: Benzathine penicillin

2L: Azithromycin/ Doxycycline (if penicillin-allergic)

20
Q

Below are the underlying causes of Raynaud’s syndrome. What features differentiate them?

  1. Carpal Tunnel
  2. Dupuytren’s contracture
  3. SLE
  4. Hand arm vibration syndrome
A
  1. Carpal Tunnel - median nerve distribution weakness, tingling
  2. Dupuytren’s contracture - permanently flexed digits
  3. SLE - young, autoimmune, rash
  4. Hand-arm vibration - power tools
21
Q

Pt presents with tingling, weakness and aching of his hands. He works an office job.

Likely diagnosis?

A

Repetitive Strain Injury

22
Q

Meningitis management

  • primary care
  • hospital care
  • prophylaxis
A

Primary care: Benzylpenicillin (if non-blanching rash)

Hospital:
1. IV Ceftriaxone
2. a) Amoxicillin - Neisseria
b) Ampicillin - Listeria (young, old, immunosuppressed)
c) Vancomycin - Strep pneumonia
d) Acyclovir - Viral
<3months - IV Cefotaxime + ampicillin/amoxicillin

Prophylaxis

  1. Ciprofloxacin
  2. Rifampicin
23
Q

Bacterial causes of meningitis

A

Strep pneumonia
Neisseria meningitides
Haemophilus influenza
Listeria monocytogenes

SHiLN

24
Q

Viral causes of meningitis

A

Enterovirus - Echo/Coxsackie
HSV
Measles, Rubella

25
Q

Fungal causes of meningitis

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

Mycobacterial

26
Q

Chemoprophylaxis for meningitis

A

Ciprofloxacin

Rifampicin

27
Q

Most common work-related ill-health in the UK

A

1 Stress, anxiety, depression

28
Q

Define sensitivity

A

The proportion of patients who have the disease AND test positive

29
Q

Define specificity

A

The proportion of patients who don’t have the disease AND test negative

30
Q

Define positive predictive value

A

The proportion of patients who test positive who have the condition

31
Q

Define negative predictive value

A

The proportion of patients who test negative who don’t have the condition

32
Q

Standard screening programmes in the UK

A

AAA

Breast

Cervical

Newborn/Infant Exam

33
Q

Cardinal symptoms of Parkinson’s disease

A

Cardinal triad:

  1. Resting tremor
  2. Cogwheel rigidity
  3. Bradykinesia

Also depression!

34
Q

Most common metastasis of cancer TO the brain?

A

To the brain, from:

  • lung
  • breast
  • skin
  • kidney
  • bowel
35
Q

Pt presents with weakness and atrophy of her peripheries. Her foot is dragging as she walks and her feet appear arched.

Likely diagnosis?

A

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (HMSN - inherited conditions that damage peripheral nerves)

  • distal weakness
  • foot drop
  • pes cavus
36
Q

Pt recently recovered from a viral infection. She complains of fatigue, and finds that she slows down when walking on flat land and needs to rest. She has a Coeliac disease, and she struggles to finish sentences.

Likely diagnosis? Management?

A

Myasthenia Gravis

  • fatigue
  • limb weakness
  • bulbar weakness (dysarthria)
  • worse on EXERTION
  • AUTOIMMUNE

Mx:

  • Prednisolone
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor - Pyridostigmine, Neostigmine

Acute mx: IV IgG, plasma

37
Q

Temporal/ Giant cell arteritis triggers

Investigations

Management

A

Temperature change, shaving, combing, eating

Inv: Temporal biopsy w/in 14 days starting steroids

  • RAISED ESR, CRP, ALP, platelets

Management: Steroids

38
Q

Headache that occurs in cyclical patterns, with severe pain in one eye + tearing/ nasal congestion/ runny nose

A

Cluster headache

39
Q

Headache that is dull, aching and feels tight around your forehead. Scalp, neck and shoulders are tender.

A

Tension headache

40
Q

Median nerve roots

A

C5-T1

Brachial plexus:

  • lateral cord: C5-7
  • medial cord: C8-T1
41
Q

How long after a seizure must a patient wait before they can have their license reinstated?

A

12 months

42
Q

Features of Rheumatoid arthritis on X-Ray

A

Lost joint space
Erosions
Soft-tissue swell
Soft bones (osteopenia)

43
Q

Pt has a history of chronic alcoholism and liver disease.

What would you expect to find on their FBC?

A
  • Macrocytic anaemia, raised MCV

2A - Stuff i just cannot remember (19 decks)

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