Microbiology Flashcards
Patient presents with vomiting, epigastric pain and diarrhoea, 6 hours after eating a meat and cheese pie.
What is the cause?
How do you treat them?
Staphylococcus aureus (exotoxin)
Supportive care: fluids, electrolytes
Patient presents with vomiting, epigastric pain and diarrhoea, 6 hours after eating reheated rice.
What is the cause?
Bacillus cereus (exotoxin)
Supportive care: fluids, electrolytes
Pt presents with vomiting, headache and watery diarrhoea.
A stool PCR detects norovirus. Where did they likely pick this up?
Cruise ship. Nursing home.
Patient has just returned from their travels. They present with watery diarrhoea.
What is the likely cause? What is the treatment?
Enterotoxin E Coli
Ciprofloxacin
Patient presents with severe watery, “rice-water” stool.
A stool culture detects a pathogen; what is the likely cause? What is the treatment?
Vibrio CHOLERAE
Supportive care - IV fluids.
Patient presents with weeks of loose diarrhoea, cramps, frequent belching and flatulence, and a fatty foul stool.
Their ImmunoCard STAT shows an antigen.
What is the likely cause? What will their stool microscopy show?
What is the treatment?
Giardia Lamblia
Stool microscopy: ova + parasite cysts
Metronidazole
Patient presents with watery diarrhoea and is febrile. They recently ate cheese with raw cold vegetables.
What is the likely cause?
Listeria monocytogenes
Causes of non-inflammatory diarrhoea (ie watery, non-bloody)
SBEVNGL
Staph aureus Bacillus cereus Enterotoxin E coli Vibrio cholerae Norovirus Giardia Lamblia
Listeria monocytogenes (febrile)
Some Bitches Eat Vulgar Non-inflammatory Goats, Leisurely
Patient presents with bloody diarrhoea. She recently had some rare beef with fresh veg from a farm,
What will her stool culture likely show?
What is the treatment?
Shigella-toxin E Coli
None.
Do NOT give Abx to children - can cause Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS)
Patient comes in with diarrhoea containing blood and pus.
Their stool culture is positive. Likely cause? Treatment?
Shigella
Ciprofloxacin
Patient comes in with bloody diarrhoea and fever. They recently ate some undercooked eggs with raw vegetables and pink chicken.
Likely cause? Treatment?
Salmonella
Ciprofloxacin
Patient presents with fever and diarrhoea, after eating unpasteurised cheese.
What is the likely cause? Treatment?
What neurological condition are they at a higher risk of?
Campylobacter jejuni
Azithromycin/ Ciprofloxacin
Guillain Barre Syndrome
Patient develops bloody diarrhoea and fever whilst in hospital.
What is the likely cause? What may be seen on a colonoscopy?
Treatment?
C. difficile
Colonoscopy: pseudomembranous colitis
Metronidazole
What are the causes of inflammatory diarrhoea?
SSSCC
STEC Shigella Salmonella Campylobacter jejuni C difficile
Causes of appendicitis
Normal colonic flora:
Escherichia coli
Peptostreptococcus
Bacteroides fragilis
Pseudomonas
Causes of Diverticulitis
Bowel flora
B. fragilis
E. coli
