SAT-3000-6 Flashcards
integrity
N. uprightness; wholeness. Lincoln whose per¬sonal integrity has inspired millions fought a civil war to maintain the integrity of the Republic that these United States might remain undivided for all time.
intellect
N. higher mental powers. He thought college would develop his intellect.
intelligentsia
N. the intelligent and educated classes [often used derogatorily]. She preferred discussions about sports and politics to the literary conversations of the intelligentsia.
intemperate
ADJ. immoderate; excessive; extreme. In a temper Tony refused to tone down his intemperate remarks.
inter
V. bury. They are going to inter the body tomorrow at Broadlawn Cemetery.
interim
N. meantime. The company will not consider our proposal until next week; in the interim let us proceed as we have in the past.
interloper
N. intruder; unwanted meddler. The merchant thought of his competitors as interlopers who were stealing away his trade.
interment
N. burial. Interment will take place in the church cemetery at 2 P.M. Wednesday.
interminable
ADJ. endless. Although his speech lasted for only twenty minutes it seemed interminable to his bored audience.
intermittent
ADJ. periodic; on and off. The outdoor wed¬ding reception had to be moved indoors to avoid the inter¬mittent showers that fell on and off all afternoon.
interrogate
V. question closely; cross-examine. Knowing that the Nazis would interrogate him about his background the secret agent invented a cover story that would help him meet their questions.
intervene
V. come between. When two close friends get into a fight be careful if you try to intervene; they may join forces to gang up on you.
intimacy
N. closeness often affectionate; privacy; familiar¬ity. In a moment of rare intimacy the mayor allowed the reporters a glimpse of his personal feelings about his fam¬ily. intimateADJ.
intimate
V. hint; suggest. Was Dick intimating that Jane had bad breath when he asked if she’d like a breath mint
intimidate
V. frighten. I’ll learn karate and then those big bullies won’t be able to intimidate me any more.
intractable
ADJ. unruly; stubborn; unyielding. Charlie Brown’s friend Pigpen was intractable: he absolutely refused to take a bath.
intransigence
N. refusal of any compromise; stubborn¬ness. The negotiating team had not expected such intransi¬gence from the striking workers who rejected any hint of a compromise. intransigentADJ.
intrepid
ADJ. fearless. For her intrepid conduct nursing the wounded during the war Florence Nightingale was honored by Queen Victoria.
intricate
ADJ. complex; knotty; tangled. Philip spent many hours designing mazes so intricate that none of his class¬mates could solve them. intricacy N.
intrinsic
ADJ. essential; inherent; built-in. Although my grandmother’s china has little intrinsic value I shall always cherish it for the memories it evokes.
introspective
ADJ. looking within oneself. Though young Francis of Assisi led a wild and worldly life even then he had introspective moments during which he examined his soul. introvert N. one who is introspective; inclined to think more about oneself. In his poetry he reveals that he is an intro¬vert by his intense interest in his own problems. alsoV.
intrude
V. trespass; enter as an uninvited person. She hes¬itated to intrude on their conversation.
intuition
N. immediate insight; power of knowing without reasoning. Even though Tony denied that anything was wrong Tina trusted her intuition that something was bother¬ing him. intuitiveADJ.
inundate
V. overwhelm; flood; submerge. This semester I am inundated with work: You should see the piles of paper¬work flooding my desk. Until the great dam was built the waters of the Nile used to inundate the river valley like clockwork every year.
inured
ADJ. accustomed; hardened. She became inured to the Alaskan cold.
invalidate
V. weaken; destroy. The relatives who received little or nothing sought to invalidate the will by claiming that the deceased had not been in his right mind when he had signed the document.
invasive
ADJ. tending to spread aggressively; intrusive. Giving up our war with the invasive blackberry vines that had taken over the back yard we covered the lawn with concrete. invadeV.
invective
N. abuse. He had expected criticism but not the invective that greeted his proposal. inveighV.
inverse
ADJ. opposite. There is an inverse ratio between the strength of light and its distance.
invert
V. turn upside down or inside out. When he inverted his body in a handstand he felt the blood rush to his head. inveterate ADJ. deep-rooted; habitual. An inveterate smoker Bob cannot seem to break the habit no matter how hard he tries.
invidious
ADJ. designed to create ill will or envy. We disre¬garded her invidious remarks because we realized how jealous she was.
invigorate
V. energize; stimulate. A quick dip in the pool invigorated Meg and with renewed energy she got back to work.
invincible
ADJ. unconquerable. Superman is invincible.
inviolable
ADJ. secure from corruption attack or violation; unassailable. Batman considered his oath to keep the peo¬ple of Gotham City inviolable: nothing on earth could make him break this promise.
invocation
N. prayer for help; calling upon as a reference or support. The service of Morning Prayer opens with an invocation during which we ask God to hear our prayers.
invoke
V. call upon; ask for. She invoked her advisor’s aid in filling out her financial aid forms.
invulnerable
ADJ. incapable of injury. Achilles was invul¬nerable except in his heel.
iota
N. very small quantity. She hadn’t an iota of common sense.
irascible
ADJ. irritable; easily angered. Miss Minchin’s iras¬cible temper intimidated the younger schoolgirls who feared she’d burst into a rage at any moment.
irate
ADJ. angry. When John’s mother found out he had overdrawn his checking account for the third month in a row she was so irate she could scarcely speak to him.
ire
N. anger. The waiter tried unsuccessfully to placate the ire of the diner who had found a cockroach in her soup.
iridescent
ADJ. exhibiting rainbowlike colors. She admired the iridescent hues of the oil that floated on the surface of the water.
irksome
ADJ. annoying; tedious. He found working on the assembly line irksome because of the monotony of the operation he had to perform. irkV.
ironic
ADJ. resulting in an unexpected and contrary out¬come. It is ironic that his success came when he least wanted it.
irony
N. hidden sarcasm or satire; use of words that seem to mean the opposite of what they actually mean. Gradually his listeners began to realize that the excessive praise he was lavishing on his opponent was actually irony he was in fact ridiculing the poor fool.
irrational
ADJ. illogical; lacking reason; insane. Many peo¬ple have such an irrational fear of snakes that they panic at the sight of a harmless garter snake.
irreconcilable
ADJ. incompatible; not able to be resolved. Because the separated couple were irreconcilable the marriage counselor recommended a divorce.
irrefutable
ADJ. indisputable; incontrovertible; undeniable. No matter how hard I tried to find a good comeback for her argument I couldn’t think of one: her logic was irrefutable.
irrelevant
ADJ. not applicable; unrelated. No matter how irrelevant the patient’s mumblings may seem they give us some indications of what he has on his mind.
irremediable
ADJ. incurable; uncorrectable. The error she made was irremediable; she could see no way to repair it.
irreparable
ADJ. not able to be corrected or repaired. Your apology cannot atone for the irreparable damage you have done to her reputation.
irrepressible
ADJ. unable to be restrained or held back. My friend Kitty’s curiosity was irrepressible: she poked her nose into everybody’s business and just laughed when I warned her that curiosity killed the cat.
irreproachable
ADJ. blameless; impeccable. Homer’s con¬duct at the office party was irreproachable; even Marge didn’t have anything bad to say about how he behaved.
irresolute
ADJ. uncertain how to act; weak. Once you have made your decision don’t waver; a leader should never appear irresolute.
irretrievable
ADJ. impossible to recover or regain; irrepara¬ble. The left fielder tried to retrieve the ball but it flew over the fence bounced off a wall and fell into the sewer: it was irretrievable.
irreverence
N. lack of proper respect. Some audience members were amused by the irreverence of the come¬dian’s jokes about the Pope; others felt offended by his lack of respect for their faith. irreverentADJ.
irrevocable
ADJ. unalterable; irreversible. As Sue dropped the “Dear John” letter into the mailbox she suddenly had second thoughts and wanted to take it back but she could not: her action was irrevocable.
itinerant
ADJ. wandering; traveling. He was an itinerant peddler and traveled through Pennsylvania and Virginia selling his wares. also N.
itinerary
N. plan of a trip. Disliking sudden changes in plans when she traveled abroad Ethel refused to make any alterations in her itinerary.
jabber
V. chatter rapidly or unintelligibly. Why does the fel¬low insist on jabbering away in French when I can’t under¬stand a word he says
jaded
ADJ. fatigued; surfeited. He looked for exotic foods to stimulate his jaded appetite.
jargon
N. language used by a special group; technical ter¬minology; gibberish. The computer salesmen at the store used a jargon of their own that we simply couldn’t follow; we had no idea what they were jabbering about.
jaundiced
ADJ. prejudiced (envious hostile or resentful); yellowed. Because Sue disliked Carolyn she looked at Car¬olyn’s paintings with a jaundiced eye calling them formless smears. Newborn infants afflicted with jaundice look slightly yellow: they have jaundiced skin.
jaunt
N. trip; short journey. He took a quick jaunt to Atlantic City.
jaunty
ADJ. lighthearted; animated; easy and carefree. In An American in Paris Gene Kelly sang and danced his way through “Singing in the Rain” in a properly jaunty style.
jeopardize
V. endanger; imperil; put at risk. You can’t give me a D in chemistry: you’ll jeopardize my chances of get¬ting into M.I.T. jeopardy N.
jettison
V. throw overboard. In order to enable the ship to ride safely through the storm the captain had to jettison much of his cargo.
jingoist
N. extremely aggressive and militant patriot; warlike chauvinist. Always bellowing “America first! the congressman was such a jingoist you could almost hear the sabers rattling as he marched down the halls. jingoism, N.
jocose
ADJ. given to joking. The salesman was so jocose that many of his customers suggested that he become a .stand-up” comic.
jocular
ADJ. said or done in jest. Although Bill knew the boss hated jokes he couldn’t resist making one jocular remark.
jollity
N. gaiety; cheerfulness. The festive Christmas dinner was a merry one and old and young alike joined in the gen¬eral jollity.
jostle
V. shove; bump. In the subway he was jostled by the crowds.
jovial
ADJ. good-natured; merry. A frown seemed out of place on his invariably jovial face.
jubilation
N. rejoicing. There was great jubilation when the armistice was announced. jubilantADJ.
judicious
ADJ. sound in judgment; wise. At a key moment in his life he made a judicious investment that was the foundation of his later wealth.
juncture
N. crisis; joining point. At this critical juncture let us think carefully before determining the course we shall follow.
junta
N. group of men joined in political intrigue; cabal. As soon as he learned of its existence the dictator ordered the execution of all of the members of the junta.
jurisprudence
N. science of law. He was more a student of jurisprudence than a practitioner of the law.
justification
N. good or just reason; defense; excuse. The jury found him guilty of the more serious charge because they could see no possible justification for his actions
kaleidoscope
N. tube in which patterns made by the reflection in mirrors of colored pieces of glass etc. pro¬duce interesting symmetrical effects. People found a new source of entertainment while peering through the kaleido¬scope; they found the ever-changing patterns fascinating.
kernel
N. central or vital part; whole seed (as of corn). “Watson buried within this tissue of lies there is a kernel of truth; when I find it the mystery will be solved.”
killjoy
N. grouch; spoilsport. At breakfast we had all been enjoying our bacon and eggs until that killjoy John started talking about how bad animal fats were for our health.
kindle
V. start a fire; inspire. One of the first things Ben learned in the Boy Scouts was how to kindle a fire by rub¬bing two dry sticks together. Her teacher’s praise for her poetry kindled a spark of hope inside Maya.
kindred
ADJ. related; belonging to the same family. Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn were two kindred spirits. also N.
kinetic
ADJ. producing motion. Designers of the electric automobile find that their greatest obstacle lies in the devel¬opment of light and efficient storage batteries the source of the kinetic energy needed to propel the vehicle.
kleptomaniac
N. person who has a compulsive desire to steal. They discovered that the wealthy customer was a klep¬tomaniac when they caught her stealing some cheap trinkets.
knave
N. untrustworthy person; rogue; scoundrel. Any politician nicknamed Tricky Dick clearly has the reputation of a knave. knavery N.
knit
V. contract into wrinkles; grow together. Whenever David worries his brow knits in a frown. When he broke his leg he sat around the house all day waiting for the bones to knit.
knoll
N. little round hill. Robert Louis Stevenson’s grave is on a knoll in Samoa; to reach the grave site you must climb uphill and walk a short distance along a marked path.
knotty
ADJ. intricate; difficult; tangled. What to Watson had been a knotty problem to Sherlock Holmes was simplicity itself.
kudos
N. honor; glory; praise. The singer complacently received kudos from his entourage on his performance.
laborious
ADJ. demanding much work or care; tedious. In putting together his dictionary of the English language Doctor Johnson undertook a laborious task.
labyrinth
N. maze. Hiding from Indian Joe Tom and Becky soon lost themselves in the labyrinth of secret underground caves. labyrinthineADJ.
laceration
N. torn ragged wound. The stock car driver needed stitches to close up the lacerations he received in the car crash.
lachrymose
ADJ. producing tears. His voice has a lachry¬mose quality more appropriate to a funeral than a class reunion.
lackadaisical
ADJ. lacking purpose or zest; halfhearted; languid. Because Gatsby had his mind more on his love life than on his finances he did a very lackadaisical job of man¬aging his money.
lackluster
ADJ. dull. We were disappointed by the lacklus¬ter performance.
laconic
ADJ. brief and to the point. Many of the characters portrayed by Clint Eastwood are laconic types: strong men of few words.
laggard
ADJ. slow; sluggish. The sailor had been taught not to be laggard in carrying out orders. lag N.V.
lament
V. grieve; express sorrow. Even advocates of the war lamented the loss of so many lives in combat. lamenta¬tion N.
lampoon
V. ridicule. This article lampoons the pretensions of some movie moguls. also N.
languid
ADJ. weary; sluggish; listless. Her siege of illness left her languid and pallid.
languish
V. lose animation; lose strength. Left at Miss Minchin’s school for girls while her father went off to war Sarah Crewe refused to languish; instead she hid her grief and actively befriended her less fortunate classmates.
languor
N. lassitude; depression. His friends tried to over¬come the languor into which he had fallen by taking him to parties and to the theater.
lap
V. take in food or drink with one’s tongue; splash gen¬tly. The kitten neatly lapped up her milk. The waves softly lapped against the pier.
larceny
N. theft. Because of the prisoner’s record the dis¬trict attorney refused to reduce the charge from grand lar¬ceny to petty larceny.
larder
N. pantry; place where food is kept. The first thing Bill did on returning home from school was to check what snacks his mother had in the larder.
largess
N. generous gift. Lady Bountiful distributed largess to the poor.
lassitude
N. languor; weariness. After a massage and a long soak in the hot tub I gave in to my growing lassitude and lay down for a nap.
latent
ADJ. potential but undeveloped; dormant; hidden. Polaroid pictures are popular at parties because you can see the latent photographic image gradually appear before your eyes.
lateral
ADJ. coming from the side. In order to get good plant growth the gardener must pinch off all lateral shoots.
latitude
N. freedom from narrow limitations. I think you have permitted your son too much latitude in this matter.
laud
V. praise. The NFL lauded Boomer Esiason’s efforts to raise money to combat cystic fibrosis. laudable lauda¬toryADJ.
lavish
ADJ. liberal; wasteful. The actor’s lavish gifts pleased her. alsoV.
Iax
ADJ. careless. We dislike restaurants where the service is lax and inattentive.
leaven
V. cause to rise or grow lighter; enliven. As bread dough is leavened it puffs up expanding in volume.
lechery
N. lustfulness; impurity in thought and deed. In his youth he led a life of lechery and debauchery; he did not mend his ways until middle age. lecherousADJ.
leery
ADJ. suspicious; cautious. Don’t eat the sushi at this restaurant; I’m a bit leery about how fresh the raw fish is.
legacy
N. a gift made by a will. Part of my legacy from my parents is an album of family photographs.
legend
N. explanatory list of symbols on a map. The leg¬end at the bottom of the map made it clear which symbols stood for rest areas along the highway and which stood for public camp sites. (secondary meaning)
legerdemain
N. sleight of hand. The magician demon¬strated his renowned legerdemain.
leniency
N. mildness; permissiveness. Considering the gravity of the offense we were surprised by the leniency of the sentence.
lethal
ADJ. deadly. It is unwise to leave lethal weapons where children may find them.
lethargic
ADJ. drowsy; dull. The stuffy room made her lethargic: she felt as if she was about to nod off.
levitate
V. float in the air (especially by magical means). As the magician passed his hands over the recumbent body of his assistant she appeared to rise and levitate about three feet above the table.
levity
N. lack of seriousness; lightness. Stop giggling and wriggling around in the pew: such levity is improper in church.
levy
V. impose (a fine); collect (a payment). Crying “No taxation without representation the colonists demonstrated against England’s power to levy taxes.
lewd
ADJ. lustful. They found his lewd stories objectionable.
lexicographer
N. compiler of a dictionary. The new dictio¬nary is the work of many lexicographers who spent years compiling and editing the work.
lexicon
N. dictionary. I cannot find this word in any lexicon in the library.
liability
N. drawback; debts. Her lack of an extensive vocab¬ulary was a liability that she was eventually able to overcome.
liaison
N. contact keeping parts of an organization in com¬munication; go-between; secret love affair. As the liaison between the American and British forces during World War II the colonel had to ease tensions between the leaders of the two armies. Romeo’s romantic liaison with Juliet ended in tragedy.
libel
N. defamatory statement; act of writing something that smears a person’s character. If Batman wrote that the Joker was a dirty ‘rotten mass-murdering criminal could the Joker sue Batman for libel
liberator
N. one who sets free. Simon Bolivar who led the South American colonies in their rebellion against Spanish rule is known as the great liberator. liberateV.
libretto
N. text of an opera. The composer of an opera’s music is remembered more frequently than the author of its libretto.
licentious
ADJ. amoral; lewd and lascivious; unrestrained. Unscrupulously seducing the daughter of his host Don Juan felt no qualms about the immorality of his licentious behavior.
lilliputian
ADJ. extremely small. Tiny and delicate the model was built on a lilliputian scale. also N.
limber
ADJ. flexible. Hours of ballet classes kept him limber.
limerick
N. humorous short verse. The limerick form is the best; its meter is pure anapest. A limerick’s fun for most everyone and the word may occur on your test.
limpid
ADJ. clear. A limpid stream ran through his property.