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NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY (LECTURE) > SAS#3 > Flashcards

SAS#3 Flashcards

1
Q

Are organic compounds composed of carbon hydrogen and oxygen

A

CARBOHYDRATES

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2
Q

Carbohydrates are organic compounds composed of

A

CARBON
HYDROGEN
OXYGEN

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3
Q

Usually occur in a ratio of 2:1 as in H2O

A

HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN

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4
Q

The dietary carbohydrates includes the

A

SUGARS
STARCH
FIBER

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5
Q

Chemist Describe the sugars as

A

MONOSACCHARIDES
DISACCHARIDES
POLYSACCHARIDES

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6
Q

Single sugars

A

MONOSACCHARIDES

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7
Q

Double sugars

A

DISACCHARIDES

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8
Q

Compounds composed of chains of monosaccharide units

A

POLYSACCHARIDES

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9
Q

Starch and fiber are

A

POLYSACCHARIDES

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10
Q

All of these carbohydrates are composed of the

A

SINGLE SUGAR GLUCOSE

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11
Q

Three monosaccharides are important in nutrition

A

GLUCOSE
FRUCTOSE
GALACTOSE

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12
Q

The most cells depend on ______for their fuel to some extent, and the cells of the brain and the rest of the nervous system depend almost exclusively on ______for their energy

A

GLUCOSE

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13
Q

The function of optimally, the body must maintain _______ within limits that allow the cells to nourish themselves

A

GLUCOSE

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14
Q

Sweetest of the sugars

A

FRUCTOSE

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15
Q

Are the most common monosaccharides in nature

A

GLUCOSE AND FRUCTOSE

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16
Q

The third single sugar
Mostly as part of lactose
During digestion, _______is freed as a single sugar

A

GALACTOSE

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17
Q

Fructose occurs naturally in

A

FRUITS
HONEY
AS PART OF TABLE SUGAR

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18
Q

Pairs of single sugars are linked together

A

DISACCHARIDES

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19
Q

Three disaccharides are important in nutrition

A

MALTOSE
SUCROSE
LACTOSE

20
Q

Is the most familiar of the 3 disaccharides and is what people mean when they speak of sugar

A

SUCROSE

21
Q

Table or white sugar, what is that

A

SUCROSE

22
Q

this sugar is usually obtained by refining to choose from sugar beets or sugarcane to provide the brown white and powdered sugar sa bailable in the supermarket but it occurs naturally and many fruits and vegetables

A

SUCROSE

23
Q

When a person eats a food containing sucrose, enzymes in the digestive tract split the sucrose into its

A

GLUCOSE AND FRUCTOSE components

24
Q

Is the principal carbohydrate of milk

A

LACTOSE

25
Q

Most human infants are born with digestive enzymes necessary to split lactose into its two monosaccharides part

A

GLUCOSE AND GALACTOSE

26
Q

Is the third disaccharide

A

MALTOSE

27
Q

Is a plant sugar that consists of two glucose units
Is produced whenever a starch breaks down - as happens in plant when they break down there is stored starch for energy and start to sprout and in human beings during carbohydrate digestion

A

MALTOSE

28
Q

Are composed almost entirely of glucose

A

POLYSACCHARIDES

29
Q

Three types of polysaccharides are important in nutrition

A

GLYCOGEN
STARCH
FIBERS

30
Q

Glycogen is found in

A

MEATS ONLY

31
Q

The human body stores much of its glucose as glycogen in the

A

LIVER AND MUSCLES

32
Q

Molecules are made of chains of glucose that are more highly branched than those of starch molecules

A

GLYCOGEN

33
Q

Is a long straight or branched chain of hundreds or thousands of glucose units linked together

A

STARCH

34
Q

When a person eats the plant, the body is splits the starch into

A

GLUCOSE UNITS

35
Q

Are the structural parts of plants and thus are found in all plant derived foods - vegetables fruits whole grains and legumes

A

DIETARY FIBERS

36
Q

Most dietary fibers are

A

POLYSACCHARIDES

37
Q

If blood glucose falls below normal a person may become

A

DIZZY AND WEAK

38
Q

If blood glucose rises substantially above normal the person may become

A

FATIGUE

39
Q

A disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose

A

DIABETES

40
Q

Blood glucose homeostasis is regulated primarily by two hormones

A

INSULIN
GLUCAGON

41
Q

Which moves glucose from the blood into the cells

A

INSULIN

42
Q

Which brings glucose out of a storage when blood glucose falls (as occurs between meals)

A

GLUCAGON

43
Q

Facilitating blood glucose uptake by the

A

MUSCLES AND ADIPOSE TISSUE

44
Q

Stimulating glycogen synthesis in the

A

LIVER

45
Q

a hormone that is secreted by special cells in the pancreas in response to low blood glucose concentration and that elicits release of glucose from storage

A

GLUCAGON

46
Q

Is a member of the class of compounds called lipids

A

FAT

NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY (LECTURE) (10 decks)

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