sampling

Question 1

random sampling definition

Answer 1

-every member of the target population has an equal chance of being selected

Question 2

how can random sampling occur

Answer 2

• obtain a list of all members
• assign each one of them number
• use a random generator until you get your desired amount

Question 3

strengths of random sampling h

Answer 3

unlikely sample will be biased as researcher has no control over the sample

Question 4

weaknesses of random sampling

Answer 4

• it can take a long time especially if the sample is large

- can be unrepresentative

Question 5

stratified sampling

Answer 5

researcher identifies the different groups of people that make up a target population and works are the proportions for it to be representative
-researcher then samples from the groups (ideally randomly)

Question 6

Strengths of stratified sampling

Answer 6

• can representative of population

- avoids researcher bias as randomisation occurs within each smaller group

Question 7

weaknesses of stratified sampling

Answer 7

• smaller group still may not represent all different types of people in a target population
• time-consuming and difficult

Question 8

opportunity sampling

Answer 8

research select participants from whoever is available at the time

Question 9

Strengths of opportunity sampling

Answer 9

it’s convenient to do, quick and easy, saves time and money

Question 10

Weaknesses of opportunity sampling

Answer 10

• researcher may have bias as they have choice on who to choose
• less generalisable because sample was taken from small sections of the population

Question 11

volunteer sampling

Answer 11

Participants self select themselves to be part of a sample

Question 12

Strength of volunteer sampling

Answer 12

Quick and easy as participants come to researcher

Question 13

weaknesses of volunteer sampling

Answer 13

participants would tend to be more willing and eager to please wider population so it reduces the generalisability and how representative it is

Question 14

systematic sampling

Answer 14

every nth member of target population is selected

Question 15

Strength of systematic sampling

Answer 15

avoids researcher bias as people are selected by the system and the researcher has no influence

Question 16

weaknesses of systematic sampling

Answer 16

could be unrepresentative e.g. the population shows a natural systematic pattern so you may miss a whole group e.g. if every other person was a boy and you choose every second person