Sampling Flashcards
What are the different types of sampling?
Random
Volunteer
Opportunity
Stratified
Systematic
What is a sample?
A group of people who researchers actively use in the research
What is a population?
The group of people who we create a sample from
What type of population can we use if we want to investigate specific individual differences?
A target population
What is random sampling?
This is when each person has an equal chance of being selected as selection is completely random
Eg a random number generator
What are the advantages or using random sampling?
Unbiased - all members of the population have an equal chance of selection
What are the disadvantages of random sampling?
You may get an unrepresentative sample, especially if the sample is small
Subgroups may not be selected
A sampling frame is needed
What is volunteer sampling?
This is when the researchers advertise their study and those who are interested apply
What are the advantages of volunteer sampling?
There could be a large response
No sampling frame needed
What are the disadvantages of volunteer sampling?
An unrepresentable sample may be created
The sample is likely to be biases as participants are likely yo be more motivated (volunteer bias)
What is opportunity sampling?
This is when you sample consists of people who are available at the time
What are the advantages of opportunity sampling?
Fast and easy
No sampling frame needed
What are the disadvantages of opportunity sampling?
The sample is likely to be unrepresentable
It is unlikely to be representable of a target population
What is stratified sampling?
This is when you select from each proportion of your population - in the same proportions
What are the advantages of stratified sampling?
It is quite representable
