Salivation and Swallowing Flashcards
What percent of total saliva secretion comes from the parotid glands?
20%
What is the general consistency of saliva from the parotid glands?
Watery
What percent of total saliva secretion comes from the submandibular glands?
70%
What is the general consistency of saliva from the submandibular glands?
Moderately viscous
What is the general consistency of saliva from the sublingual glands?
Viscous
What percent of total saliva secretion comes from the sublingual glands?
5%
What is the function of alpha-amylase in saliva?
Hydrolyses starch
At what pH does alpha-amylase become inactive?
<4
What is the function of mucin in saliva?
Lubricates food
Assists mastication
Facilitates deglutition
Aids speech
Protects oral mucosa by neutralizing acid
What is the function of lingual lipase in saliva?
Digestion of fat
What is the function of lysozymes in saliva?
Anti-bacterial/bactericidal
What is the function of IgA in saliva?
Confers local immunity
What is the function of lactoferrin in saliva?
Binds iron
Arrests bacteria multiplication/bacteriostatic
Prevent dental carries
What are general functions of saliva?
Keeps mouth moist
Solvent for molecules that stimulate taste buds
Vehicle for excretion of heavy metals, viruses, and drugs
Regulation of water balance
Middle ear pressure adjustment
Regulation of temp in animals
What is the function of proline rich protein in saliva?
Binds toxic tannin and maintains oral pH
What is the function of nerve growth factor in saliva?
Growth of sympathetic ganglia
What is the pH of saliva?
Slightly less than 7 at baseline going up to 8 with active secretion
What is the general composition of saliva?
98.5% water
1% organic components
0.5% inorganic components
What is the volume of saliva produced a day?
800-1500 mL/day
What are the organic components of saliva?
Alpha-amylase
Lingual lipase
Mucin
Lysozyme
Blood group substances
Nerve growth factor
IgA
Proline rich proteins
Kallikrein
Lactoferrin
What is another name for alpha-amylase?
Ptyalin
What are the inorganic components of saliva?
Chloride
Bicarbonate
Phosphate
Iodine
Fluorine
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
What is general rate of secretion?
1ml/min/g of gland
What ions of saliva are increased at rest?
Potassium
What ions of saliva are decreased at rest?
Sodium
Chloride
Bicarbonate
What flows out of the salivary duct?
Chloride
Sodium
Water
What flows into the salivary duct?
Bicarbonate
Potassium
What flows through the apical membrane of a salivary duct cell?
Na-H
Cl-HCO3
H-K
What transport of ions is through the basolateral membrane of the acinar cell?
Na-K pump
Na-K-2Cl symporter
What transport of ions is through the apical membrane of the acinar cell?
Cl and HCO3 anion channel
Sodium and potassium
