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GI I > Salivation and Swallowing > Flashcards

Salivation and Swallowing Flashcards

1
Q

What percent of total saliva secretion comes from the parotid glands?

A

20%

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2
Q

What is the general consistency of saliva from the parotid glands?

A

Watery

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3
Q

What percent of total saliva secretion comes from the submandibular glands?

A

70%

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4
Q

What is the general consistency of saliva from the submandibular glands?

A

Moderately viscous

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5
Q

What is the general consistency of saliva from the sublingual glands?

A

Viscous

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6
Q

What percent of total saliva secretion comes from the sublingual glands?

A

5%

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7
Q

What is the function of alpha-amylase in saliva?

A

Hydrolyses starch

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8
Q

At what pH does alpha-amylase become inactive?

A

<4

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9
Q

What is the function of mucin in saliva?

A

Lubricates food
Assists mastication
Facilitates deglutition
Aids speech
Protects oral mucosa by neutralizing acid

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10
Q

What is the function of lingual lipase in saliva?

A

Digestion of fat

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11
Q

What is the function of lysozymes in saliva?

A

Anti-bacterial/bactericidal

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12
Q

What is the function of IgA in saliva?

A

Confers local immunity

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13
Q

What is the function of lactoferrin in saliva?

A

Binds iron
Arrests bacteria multiplication/bacteriostatic
Prevent dental carries

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14
Q

What are general functions of saliva?

A

Keeps mouth moist
Solvent for molecules that stimulate taste buds
Vehicle for excretion of heavy metals, viruses, and drugs
Regulation of water balance
Middle ear pressure adjustment
Regulation of temp in animals

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15
Q

What is the function of proline rich protein in saliva?

A

Binds toxic tannin and maintains oral pH

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16
Q

What is the function of nerve growth factor in saliva?

A

Growth of sympathetic ganglia

17
Q

What is the pH of saliva?

A

Slightly less than 7 at baseline going up to 8 with active secretion

18
Q

What is the general composition of saliva?

A

98.5% water
1% organic components
0.5% inorganic components

19
Q

What is the volume of saliva produced a day?

A

800-1500 mL/day

20
Q

What are the organic components of saliva?

A

Alpha-amylase
Lingual lipase
Mucin
Lysozyme
Blood group substances
Nerve growth factor
IgA
Proline rich proteins
Kallikrein
Lactoferrin

21
Q

What is another name for alpha-amylase?

A

Ptyalin

22
Q

What are the inorganic components of saliva?

A

Chloride
Bicarbonate
Phosphate
Iodine
Fluorine
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium

23
Q

What is general rate of secretion?

A

1ml/min/g of gland

24
Q

What ions of saliva are increased at rest?

A

Potassium

25
Q

What ions of saliva are decreased at rest?

A

Sodium
Chloride
Bicarbonate

26
Q

What flows out of the salivary duct?

A

Chloride
Sodium
Water

27
Q

What flows into the salivary duct?

A

Bicarbonate
Potassium

28
Q

What flows through the apical membrane of a salivary duct cell?

A

Na-H
Cl-HCO3
H-K

29
Q

What transport of ions is through the basolateral membrane of the acinar cell?

A

Na-K pump
Na-K-2Cl symporter

30
Q

What transport of ions is through the apical membrane of the acinar cell?

A

Cl and HCO3 anion channel
Sodium and potassium

GI I (19 decks)

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