Salivary glands and Swallowing Flashcards
What is mastication governed by?
A central pattern generator (CPG)
What is CPG
A group of neurons in the CNS that automatically execute a complex motor act without the need for continuous sensory input
What muscle(s) are involved in closing the jaw?
Temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid
What muscle(s) are involved in lowering the jaw?
Lateral pterygoid
Name the three main pairs of salivary glands.
Parotid, submandibular and sublingual
What parasympathetic nerves are found in the salivary glands?
Branches of cranial nerves V, VII and IX
What sympathetic nerves are found in the salivary glands?
Superior cervical ganglion
Describe the main features of the parotid gland.
Largest gland, produces amylase, serous cells only
Describe the main features of the submandibular gland.
Produces ~2/3 of all saliva, serous and mucus cells, serous produces lysozyme (stains pink)
Describe the main features of the sublingual gland.
Smallest, mainly mucus production
What is the role of epidermal growth factor found in saliva?
Maintenance of fungiform taste buds
What do the striated ducts do?
Change saliva from isotonic to hypotonic by lowering Na+ and Cl- relative to plasma and raising K+ and bicarbonate
What is the ionic composition dependent upon?
Rate of secretion. High flow rate - saliva is less hypotonic (greater osmolality)
What control is saliva production under?
Neural
Name the different types of papilla found on the tongue?
Filiform, fungiform, foliate and vallate
