SAC 4

Question 1

Stereotypes

Answer 1

Widely-held generalization about a group. Form the cognitive component of our attitudes towards others.

Stereotypes can impact:
- Decision-making
- Interpersonal interactions

Question 2

In-group and Out-group:

Answer 2

In-group: individual belongs to/identify with.
Out-group: individual does not belong to/identify with.

Question 3

Person perception:

Answer 3

mental processes we use to form our opinions of other people.

Directly: observation and interactions.

Indirectly: hearing about the person we are judging from.

Question 4

Cognitive dissonance:

Answer 4

psychological tension
- occurs when our thoughts, feelings and behaviors do not align with one another.

Question 5

Attitudes:

Answer 5

refer to an evaluation of something.

Criteria for attitude formation:
- Evaluation of something
- Settled and stable
- Learnt through experience

Question 6

Prejudice:

Answer 6

negative preconceptions about people within a social category.

Question 7

Discrimination:

Answer 7

unjust treatment of people due to their membership within a certain social category.

Direct discrimination:
- treated unfairly because of association with a group.

Indirect discrimination:
- when a rule applies to all people and unfairly disadvantages a group.

Question 8

Tri-Component:

Answer 8

Illustrates the relationship between the affective, behavioural, and cognitive components of our attitudes.

Affective: emotions towards something.

Behavioural: observable actions that reflect our point of view.

Cognitive: thoughts and beliefs towards something.

Question 9

Ways to reduce discrimination:

Answer 9

• Education
• Inter-group contact
• Social media
• Laws

Question 10

Inconsistencies:

Answer 10

People act in ways that will lessen their discomfort because of the discrepancy between their beliefs and their behaviour.

Question 11

Stigma:

Answer 11

negative attitude against someone based on a characteristic.