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Dermatology > SA Pyoderma > Flashcards

SA Pyoderma Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Which bacteria are usually involved in pyoderma?

A

Staph pseudintermedius, staph aureus, s schleiferi, s hycus, gram -ves (ecoli, proteus, pseudomonas)

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2
Q

Hot spot

A

pyotraumatic dermatitis

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3
Q

How soon after an inciting cause can a hotspot occur?

A

Within hours

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4
Q

A flat, erosion with an erythrematous halo

A

Pyotraumatic dermatitis

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5
Q

Skin fold dermatitis

A

Intertrigo

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6
Q

What is the pathogenesis of intertrigo?

A

Compromised skin barrier caused by friction between opposing areas, altered microclimate, loss of normal ventilation or accumulation of fluid. Acts as a growth medium.

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7
Q

BOGS

A

Bacterial overgrowth syndrome - caused by either allergic dermatitis

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8
Q

Common differentials for pruritis, erythematous excoriations with alopecia found on the ventral trunk.

A

Malassezia, BOGS

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9
Q

What is the most common pathogen associated superficial folliculitis?

A

Staph pseudintermedius

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10
Q

What types of lesions may be seen with superficial folliculitis?

A

Pustules, papules progressing to epidermal collarettes, hyperpigmentation and lichenificaiton

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11
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of deep pyoderma

A

Demodex, foreign bodies and mixed bacterial infections lead to inflammation of the epidermis, follicle rupture and subcutaneous fat leading to haemorrhagic furuncles, nodules plaques and tracts

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12
Q

Describe the pathogenic features of canine atopic dermatitis.

A

A defective skin barrier, microbial flare factors and hypersensitivity reactions

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13
Q

What are Favrots criteria for CAD?

A

<3yo, mostly kept indoors, steroid responsive, feat and ear pinnae (not margins or trunk), alesional pruritis

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14
Q

What lesions may be seen in a dog with CAD?

A

Alopecia, excoriations, pustules, erythema, lichenification

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15
Q

Which of these diagnostic techniques is affected by external factors (age, drugs, host factors)? IDST or ASIS?

A

IDST

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16
Q

What treatment protocol may be used for a case of CAD?

A

Treat SBIs, minimise allergen exposure, immune therapy, improve skin barrier, anti-inflammatory (oclatinib, ciclosporin, glucocorticoid, chloramphenamine)

17
Q

What bacterial species is the most common cause of chronic otitis in the dog?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

18
Q

What is the function of a ceruminolytic drug?

A

Dewax the ear canal, removing excessive cell debris which can act as a bacterial growth medium

19
Q

Name and describe the action of surfactants

A

Separates wax from epithelial surface. Eg lanolin, propylene glycol and mineral oils (+warm water)

20
Q

Name and describe the action of detergents.

A

Emulsification of excessive cerumen. Eg chlorhexidine, triclosan

21
Q

Triclosan is most active against which bacterial species?

A

Gram +ves

22
Q

Mupirocin is most active against which bacterial species?

A

Gram +ves and malassezia (good for surface overgrowth)

23
Q

Which antifungal is commonly used for dermatological cases?

A

Miconazole

24
Q

How do acids help with dermatological pathology? Name an example which is commonly used?

A

They obv decrease surface pH which can inhibit the growth of some pathogens. They are also often keratinolytic and help to dissolve cell debris. Eg salicylic acid and benzoic acid

25
Q

What agent is metabolised to benzoic acid?

A

Benzoyl peroxide

26
Q

Which acidic agent promotes growth of basal epithelium when applied topically?

A

Salicylic acid

27
Q

What is the rational behind using alkalising agents in dermatopathology?

A

They enhance the action of aminoglycocides and fluoroquinolones

28
Q

What is the rational behind using tris-EDTA for dermatological infections?

A

They are useful against gram -ves as they dismantle the cell membrane, thereby allowing antimicrobials to act more effectively

29
Q

Which degreasing agent should NOT be used in the cat?

A

TAR

30
Q

What is the mechanism of action of sulphur containing agents?

A

Keratoplastic, keratolytic, softens the stratum corneum

Dermatology (7 decks)

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