SA Ectoparasites Flashcards
Long legged mites
Surface dwelling
- Cheyletiella
- Otodectes
- Trombicular nymphs
Trombicula nymph
Otodectes
Cheyletiella
Short legs and prominent mouth-parts
Short legged mites
Sarcoptes scabei
Demodex canis
Sarcoptes scabei
Thumb print shell
Very short legs
Demodex canis
Demodex egg (lemon shaped)
Mallophagia
Wide headed lice - biting, feed on epidermal debris
eg. Trichodectes canis, felicola subrostrata
Anoplura
Narrow head - sucking louse
Eg Linognathus setosus
Cat flea
Ctenocephalides felis felis
Cat flea (less domed head)
Ctenocephalides canis (more domed head)
Spilopsyllus cuniculi
Large angled head/ genal comb
Hedgehog flea
Archeopsylla erinacei
What pathogenic features/ sequelae are associated with flea infections?
- Pruritis
- Iron deficiency anaemia
- Disease/ parasite transmission: bartonella, diphylidium caninum
- Zoonosis
- Flare factor for atopic dermatitis
- Flea alergic dermatitis
Flea allergic dermatitis.
Cause
Clinical presentation
Caused by hypersensitivity to flea saliva
C/S: pruritis, papules, erythema > excoriation, alopecia, crusting and pyoderma
Flea adulticides
Animal - selamectin, fipronil
Environmental - permethrin
Insect growth regulator for flea control
Methoprene, pyriproxigen
Endoparasites which invade via percutaneous route causing pruritis.
Pelodera strongyloids (soil nematodes)
Hookworms (Uncineria stenocephala)
Pre-patent period of flea
12 days to 6 months
Three species of demodex.
Are they associated with pruritis or not?
- Gatoi - superficial felin, pruritic, contagious
- Canis - inflammatory, pruritic
- Injai - sebaceous gland dwelling
Differentiated between the morphological features of the different relevant demodex species.
Injai - very long tail
canis - cigar shaped
gatoi - very short tailed
What clinical presentation is associated with demodecosis?
Skin hyperplasia
Alopecia
Crusts
Comedones
Greasy hair
Pruritis
What clinical presentation is associated with ear mites?
Waxy discharge from the ear
Pruritis
headshaking
Secondary bacterial infection - otitis
Three types of sarcoptiform mites:
Sarcoptes scabei
Notoedris cati
Trixacrus caviae
Frontline active ingredient.
What species should it be used against (liscenced or unliscenced)?
Where should it be avoided?
Fipronil
Used against - Cheyletiella (not liscenced) fleas, ticks and lice (licenced), Harvest mites.
Avoid: Rabbits
Advantage active ingredient
In which species is this useful in?
Imidaclopride
Rabbits
Advocate active ingredients
Uses.
Imidaclopride and moxidectin
Uses: fleas, sarcoptes, otodectes, cheyletiella, mild demodex, round/lungworms
Stronghold active ingredients.
Uses
Selamectin
Uses: Fleas, sarcoptes, otodectes, cheyletiella
Definitive cheyletiella treatment.
Selamectin sulphate shampoo
Treatment used for D. gatoi infection.
Remember?
Lime sulphur
Stains coat and skin!
Amitraz uses.
Side effects.
Contraindications
Demodex, sarcoptes, cheyletiella, mites
Side effects: sedation, hyperglycaemia, hepatopathy, skin reaction
Toxic to Chihuahuas and cats
Avermectins are toxic to which group of dogs?
Collies
