SA Ectoparasites

Question 1

Long legged mites

Answer 1

Surface dwelling

• Cheyletiella
• Otodectes
• Trombicular nymphs

Question 2

Answer 2

Trombicula nymph

Question 3

Answer 3

Otodectes

Question 4

Answer 4

Cheyletiella

Short legs and prominent mouth-parts

Question 5

Short legged mites

Answer 5

Sarcoptes scabei

Demodex canis

Question 6

Answer 6

Sarcoptes scabei

Thumb print shell

Very short legs

Question 7

Answer 7

Demodex canis

Question 8

Answer 8

Demodex egg (lemon shaped)

Question 9

Mallophagia

Answer 9

Wide headed lice - biting, feed on epidermal debris

eg. Trichodectes canis, felicola subrostrata

Question 10

Anoplura

Answer 10

Narrow head - sucking louse

Eg Linognathus setosus

Question 11

Cat flea

Answer 11

Ctenocephalides felis felis

Question 12

Answer 12

Cat flea (less domed head)

Question 13

Answer 13

Ctenocephalides canis (more domed head)

Question 14

Answer 14

Spilopsyllus cuniculi

Large angled head/ genal comb

Question 15

Hedgehog flea

Answer 15

Archeopsylla erinacei

Question 16

What pathogenic features/ sequelae are associated with flea infections?

Answer 16

• Pruritis
• Iron deficiency anaemia
• Disease/ parasite transmission: bartonella, diphylidium caninum
• Zoonosis
• Flare factor for atopic dermatitis
• Flea alergic dermatitis

Question 17

Flea allergic dermatitis.

Cause

Clinical presentation

Answer 17

Caused by hypersensitivity to flea saliva

C/S: pruritis, papules, erythema > excoriation, alopecia, crusting and pyoderma

Question 18

Flea adulticides

Answer 18

Animal - selamectin, fipronil

Environmental - permethrin

Question 19

Insect growth regulator for flea control

Answer 19

Methoprene, pyriproxigen

Question 20

Endoparasites which invade via percutaneous route causing pruritis.

Answer 20

Pelodera strongyloids (soil nematodes)

Hookworms (Uncineria stenocephala)

Question 21

Pre-patent period of flea

Answer 21

12 days to 6 months

Question 22

Three species of demodex.

Are they associated with pruritis or not?

Answer 22

1. Gatoi - superficial felin, pruritic, contagious
2. Canis - inflammatory, pruritic
3. Injai - sebaceous gland dwelling

Question 23

Differentiated between the morphological features of the different relevant demodex species.

Answer 23

Injai - very long tail

canis - cigar shaped

gatoi - very short tailed

Question 24

What clinical presentation is associated with demodecosis?

Answer 24

Skin hyperplasia

Alopecia

Crusts

Comedones

Greasy hair

Pruritis

Question 25

What clinical presentation is associated with ear mites?

Answer 25

Waxy discharge from the ear

Pruritis

headshaking

Secondary bacterial infection - otitis

Question 26

Three types of sarcoptiform mites:

Answer 26

Sarcoptes scabei

Notoedris cati

Trixacrus caviae

Question 27

Frontline active ingredient.

What species should it be used against (liscenced or unliscenced)?

Where should it be avoided?

Answer 27

Fipronil

Used against - Cheyletiella (not liscenced) fleas, ticks and lice (licenced), Harvest mites.

Avoid: Rabbits

Question 28

Advantage active ingredient

In which species is this useful in?

Answer 28

Imidaclopride

Rabbits

Question 29

Advocate active ingredients

Uses.

Answer 29

Imidaclopride and moxidectin

Uses: fleas, sarcoptes, otodectes, cheyletiella, mild demodex, round/lungworms

Question 30

Stronghold active ingredients.

Uses

Answer 30

Selamectin

Uses: Fleas, sarcoptes, otodectes, cheyletiella

Question 31

Definitive cheyletiella treatment.

Answer 31

Selamectin sulphate shampoo

Question 32

Treatment used for D. gatoi infection.

Remember?

Answer 32

Lime sulphur

Stains coat and skin!

Question 33

Amitraz uses.

Side effects.

Contraindications

Answer 33

Demodex, sarcoptes, cheyletiella, mites

Side effects: sedation, hyperglycaemia, hepatopathy, skin reaction

Toxic to Chihuahuas and cats

Question 34

Avermectins are toxic to which group of dogs?

Answer 34

Collies