SA Endocrine and Splenic Surgery

Question 1

How many parathyroid glands are there?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

What is the most common type of feline thyroid mass?

Answer 2

Benign adenoma/adenomatous hyperplasia

Question 3

What is the presentation of canine maligant thyroid neoplasia?

Answer 3

Large cervical mass which may or may not be adherent.

Question 4

What percentage of dogs have metastisis at presentation of a malignant thyroid neoplasia?

Answer 4

up to 40%

Question 5

What are the three types of medical treatment for feline hyperthyroidism?

Answer 5

Oral anti-thyroid medication
Dietary management
Radioactive iodine
Surgical

Question 6

What is the easiest type of thyroidectomy?

Answer 6

Extracapsular

Question 7

What are the four types of thyroidectomy?

Answer 7

Extracapsular
Intracapsular
Modified intracapsular
Modified extra-capsular

Question 8

List five complications of thyroidectomies.

Answer 8

Haemorrhage
Seroma
Laryngeal paralysis
Hypocalcaemia
Recurrence

Question 9

List five differentials of hypercalcalcaemia

Answer 9

Lymphoma
Hypoadrenocorticism
Renal failure
Apocrine gland carcinoma of the anal sace
Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 10

Which breed has a predisposition to primary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 10

Keeshound

Question 11

To reduce the risk of post-operative hypocalcaemia, how long should we give vitamin D for before surgery?

Answer 11

24-48 hours

Question 12

What is the main type of adrenal medullary mass?

Answer 12

Phaeochromocytoma

Question 13

What is the mortality rate of an adrenalectomy?

Answer 13

15-20%

Question 14

What are the three sources of blood supply to the spleen?

Answer 14

Splenic artery and vein
Left gastroepiploic artery and vein
Short gastric vessels - often ruptured in GDV

Question 15

What is the most common malignant splenic mass?

Answer 15

Haemangiosarcoma

Question 16

Which ligatures should you use in a splenectomy?

Answer 16

Circumfrerential

Question 17

List four complications post splenectomy

Answer 17

Haemorrhage
Pancreatitis
Immunosuppression
Arrythmias

Question 18

What is the most common malignant tumour of the pancreas?

Answer 18

Carcinoma (insulinoma)

Question 19

List three indications of a pancreatectomy

Answer 19

Necrotising pancreatitis
Abcess (sterile)/pseudocysts
Trauma

Question 20

Where should you biopsy the pancreas?

Answer 20

From the extermity of the right limb as this is the most accessible

Question 21

How much of the pancreas can be resected?

Answer 21

80%

Question 22

What technique should you use for a partial pancreatectomy?

Answer 22

Guillotine (suture-fracture) technique

Question 23

What is the sentinel lymph node?

Answer 23

Primary draining lymph node used to identify local metastasis