S6-Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Question 0

Outgroup

Answer 0

Any group with which we do not share membership

Question 1

Ingroup

Answer 1

A group to which we belong and that forms a part of out social group

Question 2

Outgroup homogeneity effect

Answer 2

Perception of outgroup members as being more similar to one another than are members of one’s ingroup

Question 3

Stereotypes

Answer 3

Beliefs about the personalities, abilities, and motives of a social group that doesn’t allow for individual variation

Question 4

Illusory correlation

Answer 4

The belief that two variables are associated with each other when in fact there is little or no actual association

Question 5

Prejudice

Answer 5

Attitudes towards members of specific groups that directly or indirectly suggest they deserve an inferior social status

Question 6

Explicit prejudice

Answer 6

Prejudicial attitudes that are consciously held, even if they are not publicly expressed

Question 7

Implicit prejudice

Answer 7

Unconsciously held prejudicial attitudes

Question 8

Discrimination

Answer 8

A negative and/or patronizing action towards members of specific groups

Question 9

Stigma

Answer 9

An attribute that serves to discredit a person in the eyes of others

Question 10

Racism

Answer 10

Prejudice and discrimination based on a person’s racial background

Question 11

Adverse racism

Answer 11

Attitudes toward members of a racial group that incorporate both egalitarian social values and negative emotions, causing one to avoid interaction with members of the group

Question 12

Sexism

Answer 12

Any attitude, action, or institutional structure that subordinates a person because of her or his sex

Question 13

Ambivalent sexism

Answer 13

Sexism directed against women based on both positive and negative attitudes (hostility and benevolence) rather than uniform dislike

Question 14

Courtesy stigma

Answer 14

The tendency for individuals who are associated with stigmatized people to face negative evaluations from others

Question 15

Sexual prejudice

Answer 15

Negative attitudes based on sexual orientation whether the target is homosexual bisexual or heterosexual

Question 16

Heterosexism

Answer 16

A system of cultural beliefs values and customs that exalts heterosexuality and denies denigrates and stigmatizes any nonheterosexual form of behavior or identity

Question 17

Stereotype threat

Answer 17

The apprehension people feel when performing a task in which their group is stereotyped to lack the ability

Question 18

Ingroup bias

Answer 18

The tendency to give more favorable valuations and greater rewards to an group members than to outgroup members

Question 19

Social identity theory

Answer 19

A theory suggesting that people seek to enhance their self-esteem by identifying with specific social groups and perceiving these games is being better than other groups

Question 20

Realistic group conflict theory

Answer 20

The theory that Intergroup conflict develops from competition for limited resources

Question 21

Ethnocentrism

Answer 21

A pattern of increased hostility towards outgroups accompanied by increased loyalty to one’s ingroup

Question 22

Superordinate goal

Answer 22

A mutually shared goal that can be achieved only through Intergroup collaboration

Question 23

Social dominance very

Answer 23

A theory contending that societal groups can be organized in a power hierarchy in which the dominant groups enjoy a disproportionate share of the society’s assets and the subordinate groups receive most of its liabilities

Question 24

Personal group discrimination discrepancy

Answer 24

The tendency for members of disadvantaged groups to minimize personal discrimination in their own lives

Question 25

System justification theory

Answer 25

A theory proposing that members of disadvantaged groups often adopt beliefs endorsing the legitimacy and fairness of the unequal group status hierarchy in society

Question 26

Authoritarian personality

Answer 26

A personality trait characterized by submissiveness to authority, rigid adherence to conventional values, and prejudice towards outgroups

Question 27

Contact hypothesis

Answer 27

The theory that under certain conditions direct contact between antagonistic groups will reduce prejudice

Question 28

Intergroup anxiety

Answer 28

Anxiety to anticipating negative consequences when interacting with an outgroup member

Question 29

Jigsaw classroom

Answer 29

A cooperative group-learning technique designed to reduce prejudice and raise self-esteem