S1 Study Guide- Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are the six characteristics that all living things have?
- cellular organization
- chemicals
- reproduction
- growth and development
- use energy
- respond to surroundings
What is an organism?
a living thing
Define cell.
the basic unit of structure and function in an organism
Explain the difference between unicellular and multicellular.
unicellular- one cell
multicellular- multiple cells
What is the most abundant chemical in a cell?
water
Explain the difference between growth and development.
growth- becoming physically larger
development- becoming more complex
Give an example of a stimulus/ response situation.
stimulus- light
response- plant turns towards it
Define spontaneous generation and who were the two scientists who disproved it?
spontaneous generation- the mistaken idea that living things come from nonliving sources
Francesco Redi, Louis Pasteur
List and explain the 4 basic needs that all living things must satisfy.
- Food
- Water
- Living Space
- Stable internal conditions
What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph?
auto- producer, energy comes from sun to make food
hetero- consumer, energy comes from food that organism consumes
What is homeostasis and how do people maintain this?
stable internal conditions, sweating or shivering
Who developed binomial nomenclature and what is it?
Linnaeus
binomial nomenclature- latin, two-part name, includes genus and species
List the 8 levels of classification from broadest to most general.
- Domain
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Family
- Order
- Genus
- Species
How would a taxonomic key be useful?
used to identify an organism that is unknown
Domain Bacteria
Number of cells?
Nucleus?
Feeding?
Number of cells? unicellular
Nucleus? prokaryote (no nucleus)
Feeding? heterotroph or autotroph
