Chapter 3- Cell Processes and Energy

Question 0

Define autotroph.

Answer 0

an organism that makes its own food; producer

Question 1

Define photosynthesis.

Answer 1

the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food

Question 2

Define heterotroph.

Answer 2

an organism that cannot make it’s own food; consumer

Question 3

Define chlorophyll.

Answer 3

the main pigment for photosynthesis in chloroplasts

Question 4

Define cellular respiration.

Answer 4

the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose

Question 5

Define fermentation.

Answer 5

an energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen

Question 6

Define cell cycle.

Answer 6

the regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo

Question 7

Define interphase.

Answer 7

the first stage of the cell cycle; the cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA, and prepares to divide into two cells

Question 8

Define replication.

Answer 8

the cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in its nucleus

Question 9

Define chromosomes.

Answer 9

within the nucleus, DNA and proteins form threadlike structures

Question 10

Define mitosis.

Answer 10

second step to the cell cycle; the cell’s nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one set DNA is distributed into each daughter cell

Question 11

Define cytokinesis.

Answer 11

the final stage of the cell cycle; the cytoplasm divides, structures are then distributed into each of the two new cells