S1 Final Chapters 01-04

Question 1

Field study

Answer 1

Study a population living in its habitat

Question 2

Review existing work

Answer 2

study work already done by others

Question 3

Develop models

Answer 3

make a representation of a structure that may be too small or too large to see otherwise

Question 4

Controlled Experiment

Answer 4

study how a variable affects a living thing

Question 5

Question

Answer 5

What you are studying in an experiment. ENDS WITH A QUESTION MARK!

Question 6

Hypothesis

Answer 6

If…, then…, because

Question 7

Variable

Answer 7

the ONE factor you are testing in an experiment

Question 8

Constants

Answer 8

all the factors that remain the same between control and experimental groups in an experiment

Question 9

Unicellular

Answer 9

made of one cell

Question 10

multicelluar

Answer 10

made of many cells

Question 11

Eukaryotic

Answer 11

has a nucleus

Question 12

Prokaryotic

Answer 12

doesn’t have a nucleus

Question 13

Cell Membrane

Answer 13

outer layer of the cell, controls what goes in and out

Question 14

Mitochondria

Answer 14

makes energy for the cell

Question 15

Nucleus

Answer 15

control center

Question 16

cytoplasm

Answer 16

“cell gel” organelles float in it

Question 17

How plant and animal cells are different

Answer 17

Plant cells have chloroplasts, central vacuoles and cell walls

Question 18

Central Vacuole

Answer 18

stores water for the plant cell

Question 19

Chloroplast

Answer 19

organelle in plant cells that makes food

Question 20

Cell Wall

Answer 20

tough outer covering only found in plant cells

Question 21

Photosynthesis - starting materials

Answer 21

water, carbon dioxide, sun’s energy

Question 22

Photosynthesis - end products

Answer 22

glucose and oxygen

Question 23

Photosynthesis - location (cell part)

Answer 23

chloroplast

Question 24

Cellular Respiration - starting materials

Answer 24

glucose and oxygen

Question 25

Cellular Respiration - end products

Answer 25

water, carbon dioxide and ATP energy

Question 26

Cellular Respiration - location (cell part)

Answer 26

mitochondria

Question 27

Three reasons cells divide

Answer 27

growth, development, repair

Question 28

Interphase definition

Answer 28

longest stage of cell cycle, cell carries out normal functions

Question 29

Mitosis definition

Answer 29

nucleus divides

Question 30

Cytokinesis definition

Answer 30

cytoplasm divides

Question 31

Interphase-what happens

Answer 31

DNA is replicated, cell grows

Question 32

Mitosis - Prophase-what happens

Answer 32

nuclear membrane dissolves | chromosomes condense

Question 33

Mitosis - Metaphse-what happens

Answer 33

chromosomes line up in the middle of cell

Question 34

Mitosis - Anaphase-what happens

Answer 34

chromosomes separate apart

Question 35

Mitosis - Telophase-what happens

Answer 35

two nuclei form

Question 36

Cytokinesis-what happens in animal cells

Answer 36

cytoplasm pinches in and splits

Question 37

Cytokinesis-what happens in plant cells

Answer 37

cell plate forms

Question 38

Cell Cycle-order of events

Answer 38

``` Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis ```

Question 39

Cell plate

Answer 39

forms in plant cells during cytokinesis, will become the new cell wall separating the two new cells

Question 40

Asexual reproduction

Answer 40

One parent produces offspring Happens more quickly DNA identical to parent

Question 41

Sexual reproduction

Answer 41

Two parents produce offspring Takes longer offspring have combination of DNA from both parents

Question 42

Meiosis

Answer 42

makes egg and sperm cells which have half the number of chromosomes

Question 43

Why is it important that sperm and egg cells are produced using meiosis

Answer 43

So they have half the number of chromosomes, and the fertilized egg has the correct number of chromosomes