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7th Grade Life Science > Chapter 04-Cell Division > Flashcards

Chapter 04-Cell Division Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Interphase

A 
Longest stage in the cell cycle
Cell size doubles
Organelles are copied
DNA replicates
Prepare for mitosis
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1
Q

3 Steps of the cell cycle

A
  1. Interphase
  2. Mitosis
  3. Cytokinesis
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2
Q

Mitosis

A

Nucleus divides

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3
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Cytoplasm divides

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4
Q

4 reasons cells need to divide (multicellular organism)

A

Grow
Develop specialized cells
Repair
Replace

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5
Q

Prophase (mitosis)

A 
Chromosomes condense (pack together)
Nucleus disappears
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6
Q

Metaphase (mitosis)

A

Chromosomes line up in the middle

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7
Q

Anaphase (mitosis)

A

Chromosomes separate apart

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8
Q

Telophase (mitosis)

A

Two nuclei form

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9
Q

Cytokinesis-Animal cells

A

Cytoplasm pinches in

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10
Q

Cytokinesis-Plant cells

A

Cell plate forms

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11
Q

Cell plate

A

Forms in plant cells during cytokinesis

Becomes cell wall

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12
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

offspring made from one parent

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13
Q

binary fission

A

cell splits in two to reproduce (bacteria)

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14
Q

budding

A

small growth off parent makes offspring (yeast and hydra)

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15
Q

sexual reproduction

A

offspring made from two parents

16
Q

fertilization

A

joining of sperm and egg

17
Q

sexual reproduction-advantage

A

combines DNA from two parents

18
Q

sexual reproduction-disadvantages

A

takes longer, requires two parents

19
Q

asexual reproduction-advantages

A

takes less time, only requires one parent

20
Q

asexual reproduction-disadvantage

A

only have DNA from one parent

21
Q

meiosis

A

cell division that makes egg and sperm cells (gametes)

22
Q

compare/contrast mitosis and meiosis

A

mitosis: one cell division, makes two daughter cells, daughter cells have same number of chromosomes as parent
meiosis: two cell divisions, makes four daughter cells, daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as parent

23
Q

Why are cells made during meiosis different from cells made during mitosis?

A

They have half the number of chromosomes

24
Q

Why must sperm and egg cells be produced using meiosis?

A

So they have half the number of chromosomes, and the fertilized egg (zygote) has the correct number of chromosomes.

7th Grade Life Science (8 decks)

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