Rutgers Exam Flashcards
what has contributed to the rising cost of healthcare?
- use of expensive medical technology and prescription drugs
- high costs
- aging population
- increase of chronic diseases
- inadequate preventative services
- reimbursement systems
how has the ACA increased access to care?
- Medicaid expansion in nearly all states for adults with low incomes
what aspects of healthcare does the ACA cover?
inpatient and ambulatory care, mental health services, pregnancy and child birth, doctors visits, and drug coverage
what are the social determinants of health and how do they impact healthcare?
- conditions in which people are born, live, work, and age in.
- so, lack of access to stable housing , nutritious foods, employment, education, transportation, and personal safety all influence someone’s access to quality healthcare
what are the categories of healthcare services provided by the US healthcare system?
- health promotion
ex: prenatal nutrition classes - disease prevention
ex: smoking cessation classes - diagnosis and treatment
ex: surgery, speech therapy - rehabilitation
ex: strokes, substance use disorders - chronic care
ex: diabetes
What are federally qualified healthcare centers? who do they serve?
they are privately funded free clinics that provide preventative, medical, dental, and mental health services
- serves members of the LGBTQ+ community, low income, etc
what are the 11 agencies under the department of health and human services?
- ACF (administration for children and families)
- ACL (Administration for community living)
- AHRQ (Agency for healthcare research and quality)
- ATSDR ( Agency for toxic substances and disease registry)
- CDC (Center for disease control and prevention)
- CMS (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services)
- FDA (Food and Drug Administration)
- HRSA (Health Resources and services administration)
- IHS (Indian health services)
- NIH (National Institute of Health)
- SAMHSA (Substance abuse and mental health services administration)
What are the aspects of Patient care partnership?
it lists the responsibilities of hospital and staff toward patients and family.
- A major point highlighted is informed consent.
What are some ways the public healthcare system is funded?
local, state, and federal government
which populations are covered under Medicaid? What coverage does Medicare provide?
Medicare covers the elderly (65+), and people with end stage renal diseases. Medicare covers the poor.
how do hospitals use DRG’s for billing?
a set payment of categories that are used to classify patients for the purpose of hospital reimbursement with a fixed fee regardless of the actual cost that are based on the diagnosis, surgical procedure used, age of patient, and expected length of stay.
What are copays and how do they impact costs to the healthcare system?
What are deductibles and how do they impact the healthcare system?
a deductible is the dollar amount paid out of pocket for health-care services before insurance will pay for the rest of the cost.
What are HMO’s?
insurance provider that administers BASIC and supplemental health maintenance and treatment services to enrollees who pay a fixed fee.
what are some of the demographic changes expected to take place in the US? How will these changes impact the healthcare system?
- increase in aging pop. will lead to an increase in the healthcare system because of more people developing chronic diseases
What are instrumental activities of daily living (IADL’s) and activities of daily living (ADL’s)? What’s the difference between the 2 groups?
ADL’s - basic activities of daily living, are basic self care tasks like, brushing teeth, putting on a shirt etc.
IADL’s - instrumental activities of daily living - examples are balancing a checkbook or managing medications
How are long-term health care facilities funded?
personal funds, government programs, long-term care insurance, reverse mortgages, certain life insurance policies, annuities and trusts
what is the role and education of an occupational health and safety specialist?
Bachelors ; they protect workers, inspect worksites, and design programs to prevent disease or injury
how does health literacy impact overall health and the healthcare system?
health literacy is the ability of an individual to obtain, process, and understand health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions
what are healthcare disparities?
differences in health outcomes because of differences in race, ethnicity, immigration status, income, education, or employment.
what is health information technology (HIT)?
it is a broad concept that encompasses an array of technologies to record, store, retrieve, protect, share, and analyze information
- confidentiality is protected by both the federal and state law
what are clinical decision support systems?
