Rutgers Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

what has contributed to the rising cost of healthcare?

A
  • use of expensive medical technology and prescription drugs
  • high costs
  • aging population
  • increase of chronic diseases
  • inadequate preventative services
  • reimbursement systems
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2
Q

how has the ACA increased access to care?

A
  • Medicaid expansion in nearly all states for adults with low incomes
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3
Q

what aspects of healthcare does the ACA cover?

A

inpatient and ambulatory care, mental health services, pregnancy and child birth, doctors visits, and drug coverage

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4
Q

what are the social determinants of health and how do they impact healthcare?

A
  • conditions in which people are born, live, work, and age in.
  • so, lack of access to stable housing , nutritious foods, employment, education, transportation, and personal safety all influence someone’s access to quality healthcare
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5
Q

what are the categories of healthcare services provided by the US healthcare system?

A
  • health promotion
    ex: prenatal nutrition classes
  • disease prevention
    ex: smoking cessation classes
  • diagnosis and treatment
    ex: surgery, speech therapy
  • rehabilitation
    ex: strokes, substance use disorders
  • chronic care
    ex: diabetes
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6
Q

What are federally qualified healthcare centers? who do they serve?

A

they are privately funded free clinics that provide preventative, medical, dental, and mental health services
- serves members of the LGBTQ+ community, low income, etc

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7
Q

what are the 11 agencies under the department of health and human services?

A
  • ACF (administration for children and families)
  • ACL (Administration for community living)
  • AHRQ (Agency for healthcare research and quality)
  • ATSDR ( Agency for toxic substances and disease registry)
  • CDC (Center for disease control and prevention)
  • CMS (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services)
  • FDA (Food and Drug Administration)
  • HRSA (Health Resources and services administration)
  • IHS (Indian health services)
  • NIH (National Institute of Health)
  • SAMHSA (Substance abuse and mental health services administration)
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8
Q

What are the aspects of Patient care partnership?

A

it lists the responsibilities of hospital and staff toward patients and family.
- A major point highlighted is informed consent.

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9
Q

What are some ways the public healthcare system is funded?

A

local, state, and federal government

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10
Q

which populations are covered under Medicaid? What coverage does Medicare provide?

A

Medicare covers the elderly (65+), and people with end stage renal diseases. Medicare covers the poor.

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11
Q

how do hospitals use DRG’s for billing?

A

a set payment of categories that are used to classify patients for the purpose of hospital reimbursement with a fixed fee regardless of the actual cost that are based on the diagnosis, surgical procedure used, age of patient, and expected length of stay.

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12
Q

What are copays and how do they impact costs to the healthcare system?

A
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13
Q

What are deductibles and how do they impact the healthcare system?

A

a deductible is the dollar amount paid out of pocket for health-care services before insurance will pay for the rest of the cost.

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14
Q

What are HMO’s?

A

insurance provider that administers BASIC and supplemental health maintenance and treatment services to enrollees who pay a fixed fee.

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15
Q

what are some of the demographic changes expected to take place in the US? How will these changes impact the healthcare system?

A
  • increase in aging pop. will lead to an increase in the healthcare system because of more people developing chronic diseases
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16
Q

What are instrumental activities of daily living (IADL’s) and activities of daily living (ADL’s)? What’s the difference between the 2 groups?

A

ADL’s - basic activities of daily living, are basic self care tasks like, brushing teeth, putting on a shirt etc.

IADL’s - instrumental activities of daily living - examples are balancing a checkbook or managing medications

17
Q

How are long-term health care facilities funded?

A

personal funds, government programs, long-term care insurance, reverse mortgages, certain life insurance policies, annuities and trusts

18
Q

what is the role and education of an occupational health and safety specialist?

A

Bachelors ; they protect workers, inspect worksites, and design programs to prevent disease or injury

19
Q

how does health literacy impact overall health and the healthcare system?

A

health literacy is the ability of an individual to obtain, process, and understand health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions

20
Q

what are healthcare disparities?

A

differences in health outcomes because of differences in race, ethnicity, immigration status, income, education, or employment.

21
Q

what is health information technology (HIT)?

A

it is a broad concept that encompasses an array of technologies to record, store, retrieve, protect, share, and analyze information

  • confidentiality is protected by both the federal and state law
22
Q

what are clinical decision support systems?

A