bio test mon. Flashcards
what is a concentration gradient?
a difference in the number of molecules inside and outside of the cell
active transport uses _____ to move ions across the membrane from low –> high?
protein pumps
in which direction will the molecules diffuses?
into the cell
blood cells coming from the lungs will have a high of ____ and a low of _____
O2 : CO2
muscle cells have a high of ____ and a low of _____
CO2 ; O2
what would happen if oxygen reached equilibrium?
w out a gradient, O2 would no longer diffuse into the muscle cells
- would eventually lead to organ failure
Facilitated diffusion is a type of ____ transport?
passive transport
phosphorylates
“membrane potential”
bulk transport is a type of what transport?
active
bulk transport requires what
ATP
what is bulk transport?
the movement of large molecules into or out of the cell using vesicles
phagocytosis “cell eating”
moves solids into the cell by pseudopods
Pinocytosis “cell drinking”
moves liquids into the cell by “pinching in” the membrane
fluid mosaic model
refers to the movement and makeup of the cell membrane
diffusion
allows lipid-soluble molecules to easily move through the membrane
facilitated diffusion
a type of cell transport that uses protein channels or carriers to move from high –> low
phosphate heads
- polar
- face inside and outside of the cell membrane
osmosis
the movement of water into and out of the cell
_____ are required to move ions across against the gradient ; requires ATP
protein pumps
passive
type of transport that does not require energy
- moves molecules from high –> low
cholesterol
a small, hydrophobic molecule that maintains the fluidity of the cell membrane
- only found in animal cells
what is the hydrophobic part of the cell membrane made up of?
fatty acids
what is the name of the transport proteins that allows water into and out of the cell
aquaporins