Russia 1 Flashcards
who was tsar in 1917 and how long had the Romanov family ruled Russia for
Nicholas II and for 300 years
who was discontented with the tsarist regime
peasants
workers
liberals
nationalities
radicals
who supported the tsarist regime
the army
Okhrana
conservatives
church
what were peasants like in Russia
lived in poverty
believed the answer to poverty was more land
what were town workers like in Russia
living and working conditions were terrible
overcrowded
unsafe
long hours
who were the socialist revolutionaries
wanted a new society based on the peasant commune
who were the social democrats
bolsheviks
Mensheviks
who were the bolsheviks
believed they could lead the workers in revolution and help create communism
who were the Mensheviks
thought communism in Russia was a long way off because it was not yet industrialised
who were the radicals
wanted to overthrow tsarist regime and ruling classes
what did the liberals want
wanted more political freedoms to prevent revolution
who was karl max
German writer who believed the workers would lead a revolution to create a communist society wher everyone was equal
what was the Russian military like in ww1
worlds largest army but poorly led and badly equipped
what had happened in ww1 by 1917
large areas of the western Russian empire had been lost to Germany
what were som economic effects of the First World War
Germany blocked Russias trade routes so factories were starved of raw materials
taxes had to rise to help pay for the war
to raise money, the governma=ent arranged loans from its allies which put them in debt
what were the political effects of the first world war
the duma had supported the war, but the deputies criticised the failures of the tsars ministers
duma requested the tsar should replace his ministers
tsar refused to share power
duma became a centre of opposition
what were social effects of the First World War
conscription of 15 million peasants and their horses meant food production dropped
as many as 6 million refugees fled German occupation and they struggled to find housing and food
what did the tsar do in August 1915
decided to take command of the Russian armed forces and left the tsarina Alexandra as his regent
why was the tsar becoming commands-in-chief a poor decision
any defeats and Russians would blame him directly
his actions lost him the respect of the military and nobility
