Middle East 1 Flashcards
what is zionism
the movement in support of the creation of israel
what was the balfour declaration
in 1917 - britain wanted to win over jewish support for the war efforts so a british politician said they supported the zionist movement
why was there a high amount of jewish immigration to palestine after 1918
encouraged by the balfour declaration
hitlers rise to power made it unsafe in europe
how many jews from 1919-39 immigrated to palestine
360,000
when did the british mandate end
may 1948
why did the british mandate end
-after world war 2 britain was left financially and economically poor so the priminister wanted to reduce its worldwide commitments
-increased terrorism in palestine from the stern and irgun gangs
-exodus boat carrying holocaust survivors to palestine was stopped by britain
why was terrorism increasing against britain
as they banned jewish immigration to palestine in the 1940s
what did the irgun gang do in july 1946
king david hotel bombing
91 deaths and 46 injured
what was the king david hotel
the british administrative headquarters in palestine
what did britain do after they ended the mandate
handed the issue over to the united nations
what did UN resolution 181 do
created by the UN and divided palestine into 56% jewish land, 43% arab and jerusalem and bethlehem as international zones
when was israel declared a country and by whom
14th may 1948 by david ben gurion
why was the UN res 181 a failiure
arabs rejected it as they felt it favoured jews
the british withdrawal made it unstable so violence occured
what was the first phase of the arab israeli war
may-june 1948
the palestine arabs attacked first
an egyptian army invaded in the south and attacked israeli settlements
in the north syrian, lebanese and israqi troops invaded
what did the jews capture in phase 1
captured west jerusalem
what happened in the second phase of the arab israeli war
within 6 weeks the hagannah captured large arab territories
in the south irsael resisted egyptian advances
israel gained control of the galilee arab region
why was the israeli capturing the galilee region significant
they could control the north borders to syria etc
what happened in september 1948
a swedish UN mediator came up with a plan to keep jerusalem an international city
the next day he was assasinated by the stern gang
what happened in the third phase of the arab israeli war
israel defeated egypt in the south and advances slightly into egypt
israel under pressure from us withdrew from egypt
how did the arab israeli war end
all arab countries except iraq signed armistice agreements and israel had gained land as a result of the war
