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Large Animal Anatomy > Ruminant Stomach > Flashcards

Ruminant Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

Ruminant

A

Even-toed hooved animals

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2
Q

Four compartments in ruminant stomach

A

Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum

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3
Q

Rumen

A

Occupies almost all of left abdominal cavity

Parietal surface= left side
Visceral surface= right side

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4
Q

Reticulum

A

Located primarily on left side

Most cranial

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5
Q

Omasum

A

Located on right cranial side caudal to reticulum

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6
Q

Abomasum

A

Located on right ventral floor of abdominal cavity

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7
Q

Grooves

A

External lines dividing the rumen into compartments

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8
Q

Pillars

A

Internal folds that divide the rumen into sacs

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9
Q

Ruminoreticular orifice

A

Hole through which the cranial sac of the rumen communicates with the reticulum

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10
Q

Rumenoreticular fold

A

Completely surrounds rumenoreticular orifice

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11
Q

Cardia

A

Fold around entrance of esophagus into reticulum

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12
Q

Ruminal papillae

A

Small conical projections in lumen; flat or absent around free edge where there is mostly air or fluid

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13
Q

Reticulo-omasal orifice

A

Hole through which the reticulum communicates with the omasum

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14
Q

Reticular groove

A

Extends from cardia to the reticulo-omasal orifice on right cranial wall of reticulum; contracts to form a tube for the bypass of the rumen

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15
Q

Omasal groove

A

Continuation of reticular groove into the omasum

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16
Q

Hardware disease

A

When foreign objects are ingested, and penetrate the cranial wall of the reticulum. This can cause inflammation of peritoneal and pleural linings

17
Q

Reticular crests

A

Honeycomb-like cells formed by mucosal folds in the reticulum

18
Q

Omasal laminae

A

Also called omasal leaves; formed by omasal mucosa, covered with papillae; increase surface area for absorption

19
Q

Torus pyloricus

A

Thick, muscular section in abomasum

20
Q

Celiac artery

A

Branches supply the compound stomach

21
Q

Splenic artery

A

Gives rise to right ruminal artery, left ruminal artery, and reticular artery

22
Q

Right ruminal artery

A

Supplies caudal half of rumen including the blind sacs

23
Q

Left ruminal artery

A

Supplies cranial half of rumen and gives of the reticular artery branch

24
Q

Reticular artery

A

Supplies reticulum; branch off left ruminal artery

25
Q

Left gastric artery

A

Supplies greater curvature of the omasum and lesser curvatures of abomasum

26
Q

Left gastroepiploic artery

A

Branch off left gastric; supplies other curvatures of omasum and abomasum

27
Q

Hepatic artery

A

Gives off right gastric artery and right gastroepiploic artery

28
Q

Right gastric artery

A

Supplies lesser curvature of distal half of abomasum

29
Q

Right gastroepiploic artery

A

Supplies greater curvature of distal abomasum

30
Q

Dorsal vagal trunk

A

Innervates the rumen, visceral surfaces of reticulum and omasum, and lesser curvature of abomasum

31
Q

Ventral vagal trunk

A

Innervates parietal surface of stomach including reticulum, omasum, and right abomasum

32
Q

What is vagal innervation responsible for?

A 
Ruminoreticular contraction cycles
Omasal contraction cycl
Eructation
Regurgitation
Reflex closure of reticular groove
Abomasal motility and secretion
33
Q

Greater omentum

A

Forms a two-layer sling between descending duodenum on right side and caudal part of the rumen on the left side;
Has superficial and deep leaf
Attached to greater curvature of abomasum

34
Q

Superficial leaf of greater omentum

A

Ventral sac of rumen is dorsal to the superficial leaf; usually lies against parietal peritoneum of ventral abdomen;
Attached to left longitudinal groove laterally and greater curvature of abomasum cranially

35
Q

Deep leaf of greater omentum

A

Attached to right longitudinal groove of the rumen

Ventral sac of rumen lies within omental bursa

36
Q

Supraomental recess

A

A space that is open caudally and occupied by the intestines

37
Q

Lesser omentum

A

Attached to liver, right side of omasum, and lesser curvature of the abomasum

Large Animal Anatomy (10 decks)

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