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MSII: Pathology Unit 6 > Rubin's Stomach > Flashcards

Rubin's Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

What do chief cells secrete?

A

pepsin, gastric lipase

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2
Q

What do parietal cells secrete?

A

HCl, intrinsic factor

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3
Q

What do G cells secrete? D cells?

A

G= gastrin

D= somatostatin

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4
Q

“congenital malformation of the anterior abd wall leading to exposure of abdominal contents”

A

Gastroschisis

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5
Q

“Persistent herniation of bowel into umbilical cord”

A

Omphalocele

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6
Q

“congenital hypertrophy of pyloric smooth muscle that is more common in males”

A

Pyloric stenosis

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7
Q

Symptoms of pyloric stenosis?

A

Projectile vomiting, visible peristalsis, olive like mass in the abdomen

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8
Q

“acidic damage to the stomach mucosa due to imbalance between mucosal defenses and acidic environment”

A

Acute gastritis

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9
Q

Who are curling ulcers seen in?

A

severely burned patients

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10
Q

Who are cushing ulcers seen in?

A

people with CNS trauma and increased ICP

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11
Q

What causes ulcers in patients that use NSAIDS?

A

decreased PGE2

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12
Q

“chronic inflammation of stomach mucosa”

A

chronic gastritis

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13
Q

Most common cause of chronic gastritis in the US?

A

H. pylori infection

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14
Q

H pylori increases cancer risk for which type of canver?

A

MALT lymphoma

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15
Q

What characterizes atrophic gastritis?

A

chronic inflammation, lymphoid follicles, gland degeneration, and intestinal metaplasia

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16
Q

Where in the stomach does chronic autoimmune gastritis affect?

A

body and fundus

17
Q

Where in the stomach does H. pylori gastritis affect?

A

antrum

18
Q

Villiform projections and increased smooth muscle are seen with which type of chronic gastritis?

A

reactive gastritis

19
Q

“hyperplastic hypersecretory gastropathy with elongated glands lined by mucus secreting epithelial cells”

A

Menetrier disease

20
Q

Adult and childhood causes of menetrier disease?

A

Child= CMV

Adult= TGF alpha overexpression

21
Q

“focal destruction of gastric mucosa and small intestine caused by gastric secretions”

A

peptic ulcer disease

22
Q

Risk factors for peptic ulcer disease?

A

HCl secretion and H. pylori infection, drugs, cigarette smoking, rapid gastric emptying

23
Q

Duodenal ulcers are almost always due to…

A

H. pylori

24
Q

Describe the pain with duodenal ulcers?

A

epigastric pain that IMPROVES with meals

25
Q

Gastric ulcers are almost always due to….

A

NSAID and bile reflux

26
Q

Describe the pain with gastric ulcers?

A

epigastric pain that worsens with meals

27
Q

“benign tumors that arise from the pacemaker cells of cajal”

A

GIST (GI sromal tumors)

28
Q

“epithelial polyps with long, branched cryots with foveolar epithelium and glands”

A

hyperplastic polyps

29
Q

“epithelial polyps with tubular and villous structures lined by dysplastic epithelium”

A

tubular adenomas

30
Q

“epithelial polys with dilated oxyntic glands lined by atrophic foveolar epithelium, parietal and chief cells and mucous cell metaplasia”

A

Fundic gland polyps

31
Q

Most important risk factor for Malignant tumors in the stomach?

A

H. pylori

32
Q

Malignant carcinomas of the stomach are mainly which type?

A

adenocarcinoma

33
Q

Intestinal type or diffuse type stomach adenocarcinoma?

Signet ring cells that diffisuely infiltrate the gastric wall

A

Diffuse

34
Q

Intestinal type or diffuse type stomach adenocarcinoma?

large, irregular ulcer with heaped up margins (usually on lesser curvature)

A

Intestinal

35
Q

What is a Kruken berg tumor?

A

Stomach adenocarcinoma met to the ovary

36
Q

What is a Virchow node?

A

enlarged supraclavicular node

37
Q

“foreign bodies made of food and har altered by digestion”

A

Bezoars

38
Q

Hairball?

A

Trichobezoar

MSII: Pathology Unit 6 (12 decks)

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