Routes of Administration Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two main routes of administration?
A
- Enteral
- Parenteral
2
Q
What are the enteral routes?
A
- Oral
- Rectal
- Feeding tube
3
Q
What are the parenteral routes?
A
- Injection
- Inhalational
- Topic
- Transdermal and intradermal
4
Q
What are the advantages of oral administration?
A
- No pain
- Can be administered by anyone
- Little risk of infection
- Can be administered long-term
5
Q
What are the disadvantages of oral adminsitration?
A
- May cause choking or aspiration pneumonia
- May not tolerate
- Absorption is slower than parenteral
- Food/disease in the GIT may affect absorption
6
Q
What are the advantages of rectal administration?
A
- Reasonably painless
- Provides local effect and systemic
7
Q
What are the disadvantages of rectal administration?
A
- Can be messy and undignified
- Patient can be frightened/discomforted
8
Q
How long does it take for IV administration to achieve an therapeutic effect?
A
-0-3 minutes
9
Q
How long does it take for IM administration to achieve an therapeutic effect?
A
- 20-30 minutes
10
Q
What are the 5 injection sites for IM administration?
A
- Trapezius
- Epaxial
- Quadriceps
- Hamstring
- Triceps
11
Q
How long does it take for S/C administration to achieve an therapeutic effect?
A
- 30-45 minutes
12
Q
What are the advantages of parenteral administration?
A
- Rapid systemic drug level
- Provides a direct therapeutic effect
- Allows an accurate dose rate over time
- Quicker absorption rate
- No reliance on GIT function
13
Q
What are the disadvantages of parenteral administration?
A
- Can be painful
- Risk of localised reactions
- Risk of self-injection
- Not normally suitable for owner administration as skill required
