roots Flashcards
- Anchoring the plant firmly to a substrate (soil)
- Absorption of water and minerals
- Production of hormones.
• shoot growth and development depend on the hormones cytokinin and gibberellin
Main Functions of Roots
shoot growth and development depend on the hormones __________ and ______________
cytokinin, gibberellin
cytokinin and gibberellin
Shoot system
3 main tissues
Dermal
Ground
Vascular
• Carbohydrate storage - Fleshy taproots (i.e. carrots, beets, radishes)
• Protection – in Crysophila and Mauritia, roots grow out of the trunk and harden into sharp spines
• Vegetative reproduction – roots spread horizontally and produce shoot buds (i.e. willows, sorrel)
• Parasitic roots - modified roots attack other plants and draw water and nutrients out of them (i.e. mistletoe, dodder)
Additional / Specialized Function
Fleshy taproots (i.e. carrots, beets, radishes)
Carbohydrate storage
SN of carrots
Daucus carota
SN of beets
Beta vulgaris
SN of radishes
Raphanus satidus
in Crysophila and Mauritia, roots grow out of the trunk and harden into sharp spines
Protection
roots spread horizontally and produce shoot buds (i.e. willows, sorrel)
Vegetative reproduction
modified roots attack other plants and draw water and nutrients out of them (i.e. mistletoe, dodder)
Parasitic roots
Three types of root system:
- TapRoot
- FibrousRoot
- Adventitious
• single prominent root (tap root) that is much larger than all the rest and numerous small roots (lateral roots or branch roots) coming out of it
Tap Root
Derived from the radicle (embryonic root)
Tap Root
Derived from the radicle (embryonic root)
Tap Root
Anchorage
Tap Root
Common in dicot and gymnosperm
Tap Root
perennial and woody plants: roots undergo secondary growth
Tap Root
perennial and woody plants: roots undergo secondary growth
Tap Root
carrots, beets, radish, turnips
Fleshy taproots
turnips sn
Brassica rapa
sweet potatoes, cassava
Swollen lateral roots
SN of sweet potatoes
Ipomoea batatas