Root of Neck Flashcards
Where is the root of the neck?
It is immediately superior to the superior thoracic aperture
What are the boundaries of the root of the neck?
Anterior: manubrium
lateral: by the first ribs
posterior: Vertebra T1
What vessels are in the Root of the neck?
subclavian artery
subclavian vein
What Nerves are in the root of the neck?
phrenic
vagus
recurrent laryngeal
components of symp nervous system
What do both Subclavian arteries do?
pass anterior to pleural cavity in root of neck
lie posterior to anterior scalene muscles which divide each into 3 parts
become AXILLARY ARTERIES as they cross lateral border of first rib
the three parts of the subclavian artery are described relative to the anterior scalene, where are these three parts?
first: medial to the muscle
2nd: posterior to muscle
3rd: lateral to muscle
What arises from the first part of the subclavian artery?
The vertebral artery
internal thoracic artery
thyrocervical trunk
What arises from the second part of the subclavian artery?
costocervical trunk
What arises from the third part of the subclavian artery?
Dorsal scapular artery
Where does the vertebral artery go as it ascends?
it ascends in the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae and enters the foramen magnum
Where does the internal thoracic artery go?
it runs inferiorly thru the thoracic inlet and parallel to the body of the sternum. It descends on the internal aspect of thte anterior chest wall, giving off segmented anterior intercostal branches.
The thyrocervical trunk arises as a short stem and abruptly divides into
two cervical branches and
one thyroid branch
The suprascapular artery crosses the anterior scalene muscle, enters the posterior triangle, and passes posteriorly to the
suprascapular region of the back
The transverse cervical artery crosses the scalenus anterior muscle to enter the ______ triangle to supply _______ _________ of the neck
posterior triangle
lateral structures of neck
The inferior thyroid artery ascends in the neck and arches ________ and downward to enter and supply the inferior portion of the thyroid gland. The large muscular branch from the inferior thyroid is called the ________ _____ ______
arches medially
ascending cervical artery
What does the costocervical trunk do?
supplies muscles of the root of the neck (deep cervical artery) and sends branches to the upper two intercostal spaces
When it is a branch of the subclavian, the dorsal scapular artery passes laterally thru the trunks of the ______ anterior to the _____ scalene. It then runs deep to the _______ scapulae and _______ muscles. supply both and forming an anastomoses around the scapula.
trunks of brachial plexus
middle scalene
deep to levator scapulae and rhomboid
The subclavian vein receives three major venous tributaries in the root of the neck, they are…
external jugular vein
vertebral vein
internal thoracic vein
Where does the left phrenic nerve cross?
anterior to the FIRST part of the subclavian artery
Where does the right phrenic nerve cross?
it lies on the anterior scalene muscle and crosses anterior to the SECOND part of the subclavian artery
Where do the phrenic nerves run on both sides?
posterior to the subclavian vein and anterior to the internal thoracic artery as it enters the thorax.
Where does the right vagus cross and what happens to its recurrent pharyngeal nerve?
it crosses ANTERIOR to the right subclavian artery, and gives off the right recurrent laryngeal nerve which passes MEDIALLY to reach the trachea and esophagus.
where does the left vagus pass and what happens to its recurrent laryngeal nerve?
It passes anterior to the arch of the aorta, and its laryngeal nerve goes inferior then posterior to the arch of teh aorta and ascends between trachea and larynx
Where does the sympathetic trunk pass?
upward posterior to the carotid artery
What are the 3 major swellings of the sympathetic trunk in the cervical region?
inferior
middle
posterior cervical ganglion
where is the inferior cervical ganglion?
just above subclavian artery
where is the middle cervical ganglion?
vertebral levvel of C6 opposite the cricoid cartilage
Where is the superior cervical ganglion
from vertebral level C1 to 2 or 3
