arm and elbow Flashcards
The capitulum is a condyle on the humerus, what does it articulate with?
the radius
The trochlea is a condyle on the humerus, what does it articulate with?
with the ulna
What do the medial and lateral epicondyles do in the humerus?
serve as muscle attachment
What are the three fossae of the humerus?
Olecranon fossa(big next to trochlea)
Coronoid(near trochlea)
Radial ( near capitulum)
What are the four structures on the radius you need to know?
head of radius
neck of radius
radial tuberosity
styloid process
what are the four structures of the ulna that you need to know/
Olecranon process
trochlear notch
coronoid process
styloid process
What is the humeroulnar articulation and what does it do?
it is a hinge joint that does flexion and extension
What is the humeroradial articulation and what does it do?
it is a MODIFIED hinge
it does flexion and extension
and supination and pronation
What is the proximal radioulnar articulation and what does it do?
Its a pivot joint
it does supination and pronation
What is the Distal Radioulnar joint and what does it do?
its a pivot joint
It does supination and pronation
What is the annular ligament?
what does it do?
Its a supporting structure that encircles the head of the radius, holds the head of the radius against the ulna. It protects against distal dislocation of the radius
What is the Lateral collateral ligament and what does it do?
It is from the lateral epicondyle to annular ligament of radius
it protects against medial deviation from forearm
taut in full extension
What is the Medial collateral ligament and what does it do?
Its from the medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process and olecranon process
protects against lateral deviation of forearm
Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction nis a surgical graft procedure in which the UCL is replaed with a tendon from
elsewhere in the body
What does the olecranon process do during extension?
It is in close approximation to distal humerus in the olecranon fossa
what does the olecranon process do in flexion?
It pulls away from distal humerus, as coronoid process and radius approach their respective fossae
What occurs during supination? What joints does it include?
the radial head spins on the capitulum. The Humeroradial joint and proximal and distal radioulnar joints are involved
In Pronation the ____ rotates over the ______
radius rotates over ulna
which anterior compartment muscles act on the elbow? What innervates them?
biceps brachii
brachialis
Musculocutaneus nerve
Which posterior compartment muscles act on the elbow? What innervates them?
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Radial nerve
What are the attachments of the short head of the Biceps Brachii?
coracoid process of scapula
radius via bicipital aponeurosis
What are the attachments of the Long Head of the biceps brachii?
Supraglenoid tubercle
radius via bicipital aponeurosis
What is the action of the biceps?
flexes elbow and humerus, supinates forearm
what is the innervation of the biceps brachii?
musculocutaneus nerve
What are the attachments of the Brachialis muscle?
distal anterior humerus
coronoid process of the ulna
What is the action of the brachialis muscle?
flexes forearm
What is the innervation of the brachialis?
musculocutaneous nerve
What are the attachments of the triceps brachii?
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral head: posterior superior humerus
Medial head: olecranon of ulna
All heads: Olecranon of ulna
What is the action of the Triceps Brachii?
extend elbow
What is the innervation of the Triceps brachii?
Radial nerve
What are teh attachments of the Anoconeus?
lateral epicondyle of humerus
olecranon of ulna
what is the action of the Anoconeus?
Extends the forearm
what is the innervation of the anoconeus?
radial nerve
What are the attachments of the Brachioradialis?
lateral portion of distal humerus
lateral, distal radius
What is the action of the Brachioradialis?
flexes elbow
What is the innervation of the brachioradialis?
radial nerve
What are the attachments of the supinator?
lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal ulna
proximal radius
What is the action of the Supinator?
supinates forearm
What is the innervation of the Supinator?
radial nerve
What are the attachments of pronator teres?
coronoid process and medial epicondyle
lateral surface of radius
What is the action of Pronator Teres?
pronates and flexes forearm
What is the innervation of Pronator teres?
median nerve
What are the attachments of pronator Quadratus?
Distal anterior Ulna
distal anterior radius
What is the action of Pronator Quadratus?
pronates forearm
What is the innervation of Pronator Quadratus?
median nerve
